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被动语态：句子的主语是谓语动作的接受者。
例句：
1. Lei Feng is respected by us all.
2. The glass was broken yesterday.
3. I’ve been given some advice.
4. tom will be sent to college.
5. The work had been finished by then.
6. I was told that he would be given some money.
主动语态：句子的主语是谓语动作的发出者。
例句：
1. He goes to school by bus.
2. Lihong is doing her homework now.
3. She’s giving me some advice.
4. My mother took me to a hospital.
5. they’ll come back soon.
6. By the end of last term we had learned1 500 words.
7. He said he would come here the next week.
被动语态常用的时态有：
1． 一般现在时：garage-sale items2 usually are priced at a very small part of their original cost.
2． 一般将来时：The young driver will be stopped by the policeman if he drives that way.
3． 一般过去时：Not a word was heard from him since he left home.
4． 现在完成时：This dish has been prepared by the chief cook.
5． 将来完成时：The whole book will have been finished by the end of this term.
6． 过去完成时：He told me that the tree in front of our building had been stricken by lightning.
7． 现在进行时：This novel is being retranslated.
8． 过去进行时：A new stadium3 was being built when we got there last year.
被动语态没有将来进行时和三种完成进行时，因为be, being, been这三个词任何两个都不能同时使用。
特殊的被动语态结构：
情态动词+do—情态动词+be done
eg.
1. The work must be finished today.
2. She should be praised for her work.
3. Everything that can be done must be done.
Have to do---have to be done
Eg.
1. Mary’s mother had to be operated on.
2. The meeting has to be put off.
Use to—used to be done
Eg. The plan used to be forgotten.
Be going to= be going to be done
1. The plan is going to be carried out.
2. The project is going to be completed next month.
要求双宾馆的动词的间接宾馆常作被动结构中的主语，而直接宾馆作保留宾馆；当直接宾馆作主语时，原间接宾馆作为保留宾馆常放在介词to之后（但make, buy的要使用for）。
Eg.
1. We are offered a good job.
2. A good job is offered to us.
3. Lots of money was given to him.
4. A library with 5000 books is offered to the nation as a gift.
5. A new book was bought for me.
6. A pair of shoes was made for him.
不定式：
动词不定式在句子中可做主语，表语，宾语，状语，宾语补足语和主语补足语。
主语：It is good idea for parents to monitor the amount as well as the kind of television that their preschool child watches.
表语：My only wish now is to have a good sleep.
宾语：Most single parents find it hard to take care of a family alone.
定语：You will find something to interest you there.
状语：In memorizing a number, you might try to associtate it with familiar number or events.
宾语补足语：It makes the digestive juices flow more freely4.
主语补足语：The house is known5 to have been built by a british-man 70 years ago.
形容词的比较级和最高级的构成法
一般情况：加-er, -est
Eg. Small—smaller—smallest;
Eg. Fat-fatter-fattest
Thin—
几个形容词和副词的特殊比较级和最高级形式：
1. good, well—better—best
2. bad, ill, badly—worse—worst
3. many, much—more—most
4. little—less—least few—fewer—fewest
5. far—father; further—farthest; furthest
6. old—older; elder—oldest
Lawful
break the law
upright
the hospital is being built now.
our library was being built at this time last year.
To finish the task, I paid much efforts.
I came into the classroom only to find nobody there.
We jumped up with joy to hear the good news.
The boss made me work 16 hours a day.
I was made to work 16 hours a day by the boss.
Have make let get
See, listen, loot at, observe, feel, taste, smell, watch….
It is getting longer and longer.
The more, the better.
The more haste6, the less speed.
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