新视野大学英语听说教程1 unit 5

　　II. Listening Skills
Listening for People’s Food Preferences
1. M: Jenny, the main courses here are steak, chicken or fish. Each comes with rice. So, what looks good to you?
W: Gee², I had chicken last night, and I often eat fish for dinner. Maybe I’ll have steak tonight. I’d like it medium.
Q: What does the woman want to have for dinner?
The woman wants to have steak for dinner.
2. W: I often sleep late and skip breakfast. Sometimes I just have yogurt or something.
M: I can’t bear the taste of yogurt. I like a regular breakfast—eggs, bacon, toast, and the like.
Q: What does the man like to have for breakfast?
The man likes eggs, bacon, toast, and the like for breakfast.
3. M: Why don’t we go and get some ice cream?
W: You devil³, you know I have a sweet tooth. I love desserts, but I have to be careful about my weight.
Q: What does the woman think about sweet food?
The woman has a taste for sweet food, but is worried about putting on weight.
4. M: I’ve bought some cookies for the club meeting this evening. Do you like them?
W: No, not really. Ii prefer fruit, like apples, strawberries, and so on.
Q: What food does the woman like and dislike?
The woman doesn’t like cookies; she likes fruit such as apples and strawberries.
5. W: I’ve come to this Chinese restaurant many times. I like sweet-and-sour fish, fried⁴ noodles…and the mushroom soup here id delicious.
M: You’re really a big fan of Chinese food. OK, you do the ordering.
Q: What kind of Chinese food does the woman like?
The woman likes sweet-and-sour fish, fried noodles and the mushroom soup in the restaurant.
III. Listening In
Task 1: Fast Food Culture
Since the late 1900s, Americans have begun to fully⁵ believe in their “fast food culture”. In 1994 alone, fast food restaurants in the United States sold over 5 billion hamburgers, making it a favorite meal and an important commodity⁶. Each day in 1996, seven percent of the population ate at the 11,400 McDonald’s; males from their mid-teens to their early 30s made up 75 percent of this business. By then, fast food had become a cultural phenomenon that reached beyond America’s borders. In 1996 McDonald’s owned over 7,000 restaurants in other countries, including: 1,482 in Japan; 430 in France; 63 in China; and so on. McDonald’s has also recognized some cultural differences. In Germany, for example, the outlets⁷ sell beer, in France they sell wine and beer, and in Saudi Arabia they have separate sections for men and women and close four times a day for prayers. But for the most part the fast food fare is the same, maintaining⁸ the same culture on an international level.
1.D   2.C   3.A   4.B   5.C
Task 2: McDonald’s
W: John, I’m really hungry!
M: Just get anything you want, it’s on me today. I’m thinking about a hamburger and some chicken McNuggets.
W: Thanks, man. That sounds good. I love milkshakes here.
M: Me, too. The formula⁹ of McDonald’s is really special.
W: Right. And no matter where you go in the world, you can always see similar menu items and the same high level of quality in McDonald’s.
M: It’s true. They also do well because of diversity. I mean, they sell different products according to people’s tastes and preferences in different areas.
W: Right. Like the Spicy¹⁰ Chicken Sandwich and Seafood¹¹ Soup that they sell in China. They could never sell that here!
M: But I’ve heard that McDonald’s is really losing market share in the States now, and has closed down some restaurants.
W: Yeah. It’s just so difficult to stay competitive¹² when there so many fast food chains in the States. I mean there are KFC, Pizza Hut, and A&W, just to name a few.
M: It seems that they’re doing better overseas,’ cause they’re really able to sell American culture.
W: Yeah. They use all the media they can, and they do a good job.
They will probably eat a hamburger, some chicken McNuggets, and the shakes.
McDonald’s is so successful because of its formula and diversity.
You can always see similar menu items and the same high level of quality.
McDonald’s is losing market share in the States now and has closed down some restaurants. Because there’re so many fast food chains in the U.S. that it’s difficult for McDonald’s to stay competitive.
Because they’re able to sell American culture by using all the media they can.
Task 3: American Eating Habits
Eating habits in America really get a lot of criticism¹³. But the truth is, it matters much where in America you look. In big cities, people are becoming more health-conscious every day. This is shown by what foods they choose to buy in supermarkets, and what restaurants they eat in. There is now a big push for “green” foods that are grown naturally. In cities like New York and Chicago, restaurants offer new and healthy styles to stay ahead of the competition. However, these habits contrast with those in America’s heartland. Here, people tend to eat more traditional and higher fat foods, such as breakfasts of eggs, bacon, sausages, toast and other greasy¹⁴, but delicious foods. Fast food chain restaurants such as McDonald’s and the Olive¹⁵ Garden, which serve cheaper food, draw a lot of customers and are popular in most places.
There are different eating habits across America. In big cities, people have now become more health-conscious than ever. There is a big push for “green” foods that are grown naturally. In New York and other big cities, restaurants offer new and healthy styles to stay ahead of the competition. However, people in America’s heartland are quite different. They often eat more traditional and higher fat foods. Fast food chain restaurants draw a lot of customers and are popular in most places.
Task 4: An Announcement
Have you ever dreamed of tasting your favorite McDonald’s foods for only one dollar, and then, adding something to your Extra Value Meal? Now your dream can come true with McDonald’s Dollar Menu. Great choices. Every day here at McDonald’s. Look for these and more: Salad, Double Cheeseburger, Fries, McChicken Sandwiches, Snack Fruits, Soft Drinks, and Pies. Have a great meal!
IV. Speaking Out
Now Your Turn
James: Hey, Lisa! The physics exam is over at last! What’re you planning to do this weekend?
Lisa:  Oh, nothing special. You got any good ideas?
James: We haven’t had a party for ages. How about having a pot-luck supper Saturday evening? Each of us can contribute something. We’ll have a good time.
Lisa:  Good idea! And who do you think we should invite?
James: The whole class, of course. The more the merrier.
Lisa:  Terrific¹⁶!
Model 2 What do you recommend?
Now Your Turn
Waitress:    Here’s the menu.
Jennifer:    Thanks. Chris, let’s have fried noodles for a change, shall we?
Christopher: That sounds good, but it’s not satisfying with only noodles.
Jennifer:    Waitress, what do you recommend?
Waitress:    How about seafood with fried noodles and vegetables?
Christopher: Good. I like seafood.
Jennifer:    Same here.
Model 3 It’s easier said than done!
Now Your Turn
Sarah: Hi, Jim! You look pale. What’s wrong?
James: Well, yesterday I had a huge steak for supper. At night I had a terrible stomachache.
Sarah: You shouldn’t have eaten that much. How’re you feeling now?
James: Better than I was. But I guess I won’t be able to look a cow in the eye for a while.
Sarah: Take my advice! If you eat regular meals, you won’t feel so bad.
James: It’s easier said than done. Steak is my favorite.
V. Let’s Talk
Jane: I’m from the Students Union. We’re doing a survey of students’ eating habits. Would you mind if I asked you a few questions?
Jim: Will it take long?
Jane: No, not really. Fie minutes maybe? There aren’t all that many questions.
Jim: And what’s it for exactly?
Jane: Well, we want to get an idea of the sort of things students eat on a regular basis, and to find out how aware people are about diet and nutrition and those matters. The intention is to produce an information leaflet¹⁷ about healthy eating.
Jim: Yeah, I suppose something like that would be quite useful. Anyway, what do you want to know, exactly?
Jane: OK, first question. What would you say your favorite food is?
Jim: That’s easy. Hamburgers and fries. Lots of fries1 I must say I like a nice Chinese meal as well.
Jane: Mmm. You’re getting into some bad habits there. How many meals do you have a day? I mean sit-down meals, not snacks.
Jim: Well, I nearly always oversleep. I usually skip breakfast altogether. And I’d probably just have a chocolate bar for lunch. So I don’t sit down to a meal till evening.
Jane: OK. Typical student, I suppose. And how about fresh fruit? Is it important in your diet?
Jim: Nah, not really. I know it’s bad, but…I’m just not in the habit really. I suppose I might eat an apple once in a while.
1. Hamburgers    fries
2. Chinese
3. cabbage
4. skipped
5. chocolate
6. sit-down
7. fruit
For Reference¹
A
A, suggest vegetables and fruit to your partner.
You’re gaining weight soon. I think you should take more green vegetables and fruit.
B, say you love meat the best.
Don’t mention egetables or fruit. Meat is my favorite. I love it, so does my stomach.
A, give your warning of eating fat.
Listen, you’ll suffer from eating too much fat.
B, say you know the importance of a balanced diet but just cannot change your eating habit.
Man, I know a balanced diet is important. But I just can’t change my eating habit.A, stress the importance of a good diet again.
Well, I don’t think you’ve ever tried to change it. You know, good diet means good health.
B, show your impatience¹⁸.
I knooooow, nutritionist
B
A, ask the American friend about the Chinese food.
Hi, Tony, how would you like these Chinese food, tofu and steamed fish?
B, you find the food tastes strange.
Well, it tastes…sort of strange. We don’t have stuffs¹⁹ cooked like this.
A, ask what the Americans eat.
So what do you usually have in America?
B, tell what the Americans typically eat and invite A to McDonald’s next time.
Er, a typical lunch may consist of a burger or sandwish, a vegetable or fruit salad, a dessert, and a coke or coffee. Nect time I would invite you to a fast food meal at McDonald’s and tell you more about American food.
A, say what you fell about B’s words.
Oh, that’s really different from ours.
VI. Furthering Listening and Speaking
Task 1: Foods in the World
Food is national and international. Many people like their own national dishes and a variety of foreign ones. You can find European and Oriental²⁰ restaurants on most large cities. You can find Italian, French, Chinese, and Mexican restaurants in New York, Washington, San Francisco, and many other cities in the United States. As well, you might also find Greek and Middle Eastern restaurants in some cities in the US. American hamburgers and hot dogs are popular in Tokyo and Paris. In almost every country you will find rice, potatoes, eggs, bread, soup, meat, vegetables, milk, fruit, and other basic foods. People all over cook them differently in different countries. People all over the world also prefer different things to drink. The English drink a lot of tea, and the French a lot of wine. Americans prefer coffee, milk or pop. German beer is now completely international. Children are often very conservative²¹ about new foods. In the United States they often prefer to eat the same three or four favorite dishes: hamburgers and French fires, hot dogs, fried chicken, and ice cream.
1. national    international
2. national dishes         foreign ones.
3. hamburgers      hotdogs       Paris
4. tea   coffee   milk   pop
5. children   three or four  hamburgers   fried chicken
Task 2: GM Foods
The term GM foods refers to those produced with the latest genetic²² engineering²³ techniques. In 2000, countries that grew 99% of the global GM crops were the United States, Argentina, Canada, and China. The next decade will see rapid development in Gm products. Gm foods may solve many of the world’s hunger problems, and help protect environment. Yet there are many challenges ahead for governments, especially in the areas of human and environmental safety, labeling and consumer choice, ethics²⁴, food security²⁵, regulation and international policy. Many people feel that genetic engineering is inevitable²⁶ and that such a technology should be put to use. However, others warn that we must take care to avoid causing unintentional harm to both human health and the environment as a result of our enthusiasm²⁷ for this powerful technology.
1. F   2.F   3.T   4.F   5.F
Task 3: Hunger
I have known bread hunger,
Yet have I strength.
I have known heart hunger,
Yet do I live.
I have known soul hunger,
And faith is not dead.
When the body cried,
I lit love in my heart.
When the heart wept,
I lit a lamp in my soul.
Yet all the while,
I heard life asking its goal.
I was alone looking out of a house,
Knowing the empty rooms.

1 reference   

n.提到，说到，暗示，查看，查阅

参考例句：

• We spent days going through all related reference material.我们花了好多天功夫查阅所有有关的参考资料。
• I like to have my reference books within my reach.我喜欢把参考书放到伸手可取的地方。

2 gee   

n.马；int.向右！前进！，惊讶时所发声音；v.向右转

参考例句：

• Their success last week will gee the team up.上星期的胜利将激励这支队伍继续前进。
• Gee,We're going to make a lot of money.哇！我们会赚好多钱啦！

3 devil   

n.魔鬼，恶魔

参考例句：

• It is easier to raise the devil than to lay him.召鬼容易驱鬼难。
• Susie,you're a determined little devil.苏茜，你真是个坚决的小家伙。

4 fried   

adj.油煎的；油炒的

参考例句：

• I ate everything fried.所有油炸的我都吃。
• I prefer fried peanuts.我选择炸花生。

5 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

6 commodity   

n.日用品，商品，物品

参考例句：

• The authorities took measures to roll commodity price back.当局采取措施使物价全面回降。
• Commodity prices remain stable and there are plenty of goods on the market.商品价格稳定，市场货源充足。

7 outlets   

n.出口( outlet的名词复数 )；经销店；插座；廉价经销店

参考例句：

• The dumping of foreign cotton blocked outlets for locally grown cotton. 外国棉花的倾销阻滞了当地生产的棉花的销路。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They must find outlets for their products. 他们必须为自己的产品寻找出路。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

8 maintaining   

保持( maintain的现在分词 )； 保养； 坚持； 保卫

参考例句：

• We all have an interest in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem. 维持生态系统的完整是我们共同的利益。
• It's endless work maintaining the house in good repair. 要让房屋保持得很好是件干不完的活。

9 formula   

n.公式；配方，外方；规则，一定的做法

参考例句：

• His father is acting on his formula.他的父亲总是按他的原则办事。
• Here are some applications of Taylor's formula.下面举例说明泰乐定理的应用。

10 spicy   

adj.加香料的；辛辣的，有风味的

参考例句：

• The soup tasted mildly spicy.汤尝起来略有点辣。
• Very spicy food doesn't suit her stomach.太辣的东西她吃了胃不舒服。

11 seafood   

n.海产食品，海味，海鲜

参考例句：

• There's an excellent seafood restaurant near here.离这儿不远有家非常不错的海鲜馆。
• Shrimps are a popular type of seafood.小虾是比较普遍的一种海味。

12 competitive   

adj.竞争的，比赛的，好竞争的，有竞争力的

参考例句：

• Some kinds of business are competitive.有些商业是要竞争的。
• These businessmen are both competitive and honourable.这些商人既有竞争性又很诚实。

13 criticism   

n.批评，批判，指责；评论，评论文章

参考例句：

• Some youth today do not allow any criticism at all.现在有些年轻人根本指责不得。
• It is wrong to turn a deaf ear to other's criticism.对别人的批评充耳不闻是错误的。

14 greasy   

adj. 多脂的，油脂的

参考例句：

• He bought a heavy-duty cleanser to clean his greasy oven.昨天他买了强力清洁剂来清洗油污的炉子。
• You loathe the smell of greasy food when you are seasick.当你晕船时，你会厌恶油腻的气味。

15 olive   

n.橄榄，橄榄树，橄榄色；adj.黄绿色的，黄褐色的，橄榄色的

参考例句：

• Have you eaten a kind of fruit called olive?你吃过橄榄这种水果吗？
• She likes olive because It'symbolizes peace.她喜欢橄榄色因为它象征着和平。

16 terrific   

adj.可怕的，极好的，非常的

参考例句：

• The game was terrific.那场比赛棒极了。
• Darren drove at a terrific speed.达伦以惊人的速度驾车。

17 leaflet   

n.传单，活页，广告

参考例句：

• He picked up a leaflet about care of the teeth.他拾起一张宣传保护牙齿的传单。
• This leaflet contains your operating instructions.这份活页包含你应知道的操作说明。

18 impatience   

n.不耐烦，急躁

参考例句：

• He expressed impatience at the slow rate of progress.进展缓慢，他显得不耐烦。
• He gave a stamp of impatience.他不耐烦地跺脚。

19 stuffs   

v.塞住( stuff的第三人称单数 )；把…装进；把…装满；（使）吃撑

参考例句：

• Mother stuffs the turkey before roasting it. 妈妈把作料填在火鸡肚子里，然后去烤。 来自辞典例句
• This forum is basically for discussing [Nokia] related technical stuffs. 在这个论坛里面，基本讨论对象都是和[[诺基亚]]有关的技术话题。 来自互联网

20 oriental   

adj.东方的，东方人的，东方文化的

参考例句：

• China is an oriental country with a long history.中国是一个有着悠久历史的东方国家。
• They maintain a very powerful fleet in Oriental waters.他们在远东海域保持着一支非常强大的舰队。

21 conservative   

adj.保守的，守旧的；n.保守的人，保守派

参考例句：

• He is a conservative member of the church.他是一个守旧教会教友。
• The young man is very conservative.这个年轻人很守旧。

22 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

23 engineering   

n.工程，工程学，管理，操纵

参考例句：

• The science of engineering began as soon as man learned to use tools. 人类一学会使用工具,工程科学就开始了。
• It was the first great engineering works in the world. 这是世界上第一家大型的工程工厂。

24 ethics   

n.伦理学；伦理观，道德标准

参考例句：

• The ethics of his profession don't permit him to do that.他的职业道德不允许他那样做。
• Personal ethics and professional ethics sometimes conflict.个人道德和职业道德有时会相互抵触。

25 security   

n.安全，安全感；防护措施；保证(金)，抵押(品)；债券，证券

参考例句：

• A security guard brought him down with a flying tackle.一名保安人员飞身把他抱倒。
• There was tight security at the airport when the President's plane landed.总统的专机降落时，机场的保安措施很严密。

26 inevitable   

adj.不可避免的，必然发生的

参考例句：

• Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
• The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。

27 enthusiasm   

n.热情，激情；巨大兴趣；热衷的事物

参考例句：

• We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm.我们立刻兴致勃勃地干起来。
• A team which is full of enthusiasm is more likely to win.情绪高涨的球队更可能获胜。