英语PK台 第477期:末代皇帝溥仪的洋外教

 　　Track One

　　He is credited with teaching the Last Emperor, Pu Yi, to cycle

　　他被归功于教会了末代皇帝溥仪骑自行车

　　In the Forbidden city there are these areas with ramps¹, not steps

　　紫禁城中有很多斜坡，并没有被修葺成台阶

　　The story is that this was for the little boy to cycle

　　故事里说，斜坡的存在就是为了让这小男孩学习骑自行车

　　It might be true—I have seen no writing of this

　　这也许是真的—我到是没有看过任何关于这些故事的文字资料

　　He did not only give a bicycle to the Emperor—he gave bicycles to both the Emperor and the Empress

　　他不仅给了皇帝一辆自行车，也给了皇后一辆

　　It is not exactly accurate in the movie ('The Last Emperor) that he was so small when he has the bicycle—because he was actually married at 16 years old

　　电影“末代皇帝”中的桥段并不十分精确，里面说皇帝在很小的时候就有了一辆自行车，事实上溥仪皇帝那时已经年满16岁并且已经结婚了。

　　So it was actually later than the image we get from the movie

　　所以皇帝拥有自行车的实际年龄比我们从电影中看到的大得多

　　Did Reginald Johnston actually introduce the bicycle to China

　　那么庄士敦到底是不是把自行车引进中国的那个人呢

　　He didn't—not at all

　　他不是，完全不是

　　Actually the emperor before, GuangXu—he had also a bicycle much, much earlier

　　事实上，溥仪的先帝，光绪皇帝早就拥有自行车

　　The whole story of the bicycle is quite amazing—I do think it was invented in the UK

　　关于自行车的起源也是令人叹为观止的，我确实认为自行车是英国人发明的

　　I think that is very likely—a lot of the bicycles that were used at first in China came from the UK

　　我认为这是很有可能的——中国最开始使用那一批自行车确实来自英国

　　it was later there was a big home production of bicycles

　　后来，还有了一个自行车的大型生产基地

　　Another story that can definitely be confirmed is the story of Pu Yi's glasses

　　另外一个确凿的故事，就是溥仪的洋眼镜

　　When Reginald Johnston is coming into the Forbidden City he realises that the Last Emperor has a very heavy short-sight

　　当庄士敦进入紫禁城后，他发现这位皇帝竟然是个高度近视

　　The Last Emperor is suffering from very severe headaches because of this

　　这位末代皇帝也因此遭受严重的头疼困扰

　　But the administration around him, they wont² allow him to have glasses

　　because they think it is a very modern, western thing

　　但是皇帝身边的总管们却不允许他戴眼镜，因为他们认为眼镜是个现代的、西方的玩意

　　Fascinating—at this point you have the Forbidden City

　　相当有趣——此刻你拥有整个紫禁城

　　The southern part belongs to the Republic

　　南边部分属于共和国

　　Many architects were coming in and changing it—there was the first Forbidden City museum in that part

　　许多建筑师正进来改造紫禁城——那里有紫禁城的第一个博物馆

　　Track Two

　　But in the very northern part you have the court still residing

　　但是在最北面还有个宫廷

　　so you have both the President and Emperor inside the same institution

　　所以总统和皇帝在同一个机构里

　　That court (Emperor's) is more conservative than ever，it is totally closed off to the public

　　皇帝的宫廷比以往更加保守，与外界几乎绝缘。

　　So when it comes to western things they wont allow the Emperor to wear them

　　所以对于西方的新鲜玩意，他们是绝不会让皇帝接触穿戴的

　　Because they feel it is a kind of 'selling out'

　　因为他们觉得这是一种“背叛”的行为

　　And inside the Palace the old concubines of deceased emperors—they are extremely powerful

　　在宫里，先皇的遗孀—她们都很有势力

　　So Reginald Johnston, he has got these arguments with them

　　所以庄士敦经常与她们争论

　　Because he is insisting the boy will have glasses

　　因为他坚持让溥仪佩戴眼镜

　　Finally he is actually threatening to retire

　　事实上，他威胁（如果不让他带眼镜就）离职

　　Finally he succeeds in having glasses made for the Emperor

　　最后他成功让皇帝带上了定制眼镜

　　I was thinking about this because I was walking around Wangfujing the other day

　　前几天我在王府井闲逛的时候还在想这事呢

　　I went into one of the Dasha—and they had a glasses shop—called 'Puyi'

　　我走进了其中一座大厦，里面有个眼镜店就叫 “溥仪”

　　It is a chain store

　　这是一个连锁店

　　This story of Pu Yi and his glasses is one of the things many people know

　　溥仪和他眼镜也是被人们所熟知的故事之一

　　It is part of the image, the legacy³ Pu Yi has left behind

　　这也是末代皇帝留下的一种形象

　　I love all these stories about the Old Beijing

　　我热爱所有关于老北京的故事

　　You mention Wangfujing—I used to go into the Foreign Languages Book Store down there

　　你提到了王府井——我过去常逛那里的外文书店

　　There were always books you could buy about the old hutongs, the alleys⁴ of Beijing

　　那里总有你喜欢的关于老北京的书，那些描写胡同小巷的书。

　　You get these books and you start following the places and you see the whole life come in front of you

　　你读过了那些书，会去跟着书中所描述的地方，你能窥见在这里人们生活的全貌

　　Especially after 1949 then a lot of factories were moved directly into the hutongs

　　尤其是1949年之后，好多工厂直接搬进了胡同里

　　So that is very interesting and that was actually the first time ever that Beijing became a centre of production

　　这就非常有趣了，也是为什么有史以来第一次北京成为生产制造的中心

1 ramps   

resources allocation and multiproject scheduling 资源分配和多项目的行程安排

参考例句：

• Ramps should be provided for wheelchair users. 应该给轮椅使用者提供坡道。
• He has the upper floor and ramps are fitted everywhere for his convenience. 他住在上面一层，为了他的方便着想，到处设有坡道。

2 wont   

adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯

参考例句：

• He was wont to say that children are lazy.他常常说小孩子们懒惰。
• It is his wont to get up early.早起是他的习惯。

3 legacy   

n.遗产，遗赠；先人(或过去)留下的东西

参考例句：

• They are the most precious cultural legacy our forefathers left.它们是我们祖先留下来的最宝贵的文化遗产。
• He thinks the legacy is a gift from the Gods.他认为这笔遗产是天赐之物。

4 alleys   

胡同，小巷( alley的名词复数 )； 小径

参考例句：

• I followed him through a maze of narrow alleys. 我紧随他穿过一条条迂迴曲折的窄巷。
• The children lead me through the maze of alleys to the edge of the city. 孩子们领我穿过迷宫一般的街巷，来到城边。