英语听力：自然百科 探索世界奥秘之Genghis Khan(成吉思汗)Unit13

For one month, his army plundered¹, burnt and raped². A year later, visiting foreign ambassadors described the streets as "slippery with human fat." They also recorded that beyond the walls stood an entire mountain of bones.

Genghis Khan's fearsome reputation grew from the destruction and carnage he practised in Beijing. But what he now created at Karakorum in central Mongolia revealed an entirely³ different nature.

Genghis Khan wanted Karakorum(喀拉昆仑) to be a great trading and cultural center. Here, in stark⁴ contrast to his nomadic⁵ origins, he began to establish a permanent capital. And he wanted his people to benefit from his conquests.

"My people were as numerous as the trees in the forest here. I wanted them to feed on tender meat here, live in beautiful tents and pasture their horses on rich soil."

To achieve this, he imported knowledge; he learnt the technology of the Chinese military. He established a medical corps⁶ trained by Chinese physicians. He ordered his followers⁷ to create a record of all his rules and all his judgments⁸. It was forbidden for any man to own a Mongol slave. And each tribe was given its own grazing grounds. It was the beginning of a legal system.

The Mongols could neither read nor write. But Genghis Khan understood the power of the written word. Above all, he wanted his legacy⁹ recorded.

carnage: massacre, mass murder, holocaust

grazing: pastureland, pasture, field or plot of ground where livestock are grazed

1 plundered   

掠夺，抢劫( plunder的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Many of our cultural treasures have been plundered by imperialists. 我国许多珍贵文物被帝国主义掠走了。
• The imperialists plundered many valuable works of art. 帝国主义列强掠夺了许多珍贵的艺术品。

2 raped   

v.以暴力夺取，强夺( rape的过去式和过去分词 )；强奸

参考例句：

• A young woman was brutally raped in her own home. 一名年轻女子在自己家中惨遭强暴。 来自辞典例句
• We got stick together, or we will be having our women raped. 我们得团结一致，不然我们的妻女就会遭到蹂躏。 来自辞典例句

3 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

4 stark   

adj.荒凉的；严酷的；完全的；adv.完全地

参考例句：

• The young man is faced with a stark choice.这位年轻人面临严峻的抉择。
• He gave a stark denial to the rumor.他对谣言加以完全的否认。

5 nomadic   

adj.流浪的；游牧的

参考例句：

• This tribe still live a nomadic life.这个民族仍然过着游牧生活。
• The plowing culture and the nomadic culture are two traditional principal cultures in China.农耕文化与游牧文化是我国传统的两大主体文化。

6 corps   

n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组

参考例句：

• The medical corps were cited for bravery in combat.医疗队由于在战场上的英勇表现而受嘉奖。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

7 followers   

追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件

参考例句：

• the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
• The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。

8 judgments   

判断( judgment的名词复数 )； 鉴定； 评价； 审判

参考例句：

• A peculiar austerity marked his judgments of modern life. 他对现代生活的批评带着一种特殊的苛刻。
• He is swift with his judgments. 他判断迅速。

9 legacy   

n.遗产，遗赠；先人(或过去)留下的东西

参考例句：

• They are the most precious cultural legacy our forefathers left.它们是我们祖先留下来的最宝贵的文化遗产。
• He thinks the legacy is a gift from the Gods.他认为这笔遗产是天赐之物。