英语听力：自然百科 澳大利亚大堡礁 Great Barrier Reef—2

 Where every plant and animal helps sustain the whole.The waste from parrot fish cements the reef. Stinging anemones¹ provide a haven² to the vulnerable. Even killers³ play their part, preventing a population explosion that would destroy this fragile ecosystem⁴.

 

Life doesn't just reside here. The reef itself is built by one of its smallest tenants⁵. 

 

For more than 15 years, marine⁶ scientist Dave Wachenfeld has been coming down here to study coral polyps. These tiny creatures are closely related to jellyfish, but much smaller. They don't have a bone in their body. 

 

Yet for half a billion years, they've been nature's greatest builders, architects of labyrinths⁷ of limestone⁸. 

 

Wachenfeld: “When we look at the surface of these soft corals, we can see the hundreds of tiny polyps.” 

 

Every bit of this reef has had an odyssey⁹ to get here. The coral starts out life as larvae¹⁰, floating free in the ocean. For each one, the chances of survival are slim.

 

They have to run the gauntlet of a million hungry mouths as they cross up to 1000 miles of open ocean. Fewer than one in 100,000 complete the journey.

 

And then they’re faced with a second hurdle--finding the perfect landing site. Falling on sand or a crowded outcrop is death. Those precious few that survive will start a colony. Once settled, the larvae begin to grow. Transforming into adults called polyps. They develop tentacles¹¹ that can grab food from the water.

1 anemones   

n.银莲花( anemone的名词复数 )；海葵

参考例句：

• With its powerful tentacles, it tries to prise the anemones off. 它想用强壮的触角截获海葵。 来自互联网
• Density, scale, thickness are still influencing the anemones shape. 密度、大小、厚度是受最原始的那股海葵的影响。 来自互联网

2 haven   

n.安全的地方，避难所，庇护所

参考例句：

• It's a real haven at the end of a busy working day.忙碌了一整天后，这真是一个安乐窝。
• The school library is a little haven of peace and quiet.学校的图书馆是一个和平且安静的小避风港。

3 killers   

凶手( killer的名词复数 )； 消灭…者； 致命物； 极难的事

参考例句：

• He remained steadfast in his determination to bring the killers to justice. 他要将杀人凶手绳之以法的决心一直没有动摇。
• They were professional killers who did in John. 杀死约翰的这些人是职业杀手。

4 ecosystem   

n.生态系统

参考例句：

• This destroyed the ecosystem of the island.这样破坏了岛上的生态系统。
• We all have an interest in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.维持生态系统的完整是我们共同的利益。

5 tenants   

n.房客( tenant的名词复数 )；佃户；占用者；占有者

参考例句：

• A number of tenants have been evicted for not paying the rent. 许多房客因不付房租被赶了出来。
• Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。

6 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

7 labyrinths   

迷宫( labyrinth的名词复数 )； （文字，建筑）错综复杂的

参考例句：

• I was engulfed in labyrinths of trouble too great to get out at all. 我陷入困难的迷宫中去，简直无法脱身。
• I've explored ancient castles, palaces, temples, tombs, catacombs and labyrinths. 我曾在古堡、古皇宫、古神庙、古墓、地下墓穴和迷宫中探险。

8 limestone   

n.石灰石

参考例句：

• Limestone is often used in building construction.石灰岩常用于建筑。
• Cement is made from limestone.水泥是由石灰石制成的。

9 odyssey   

n.长途冒险旅行；一连串的冒险

参考例句：

• The march to Travnik was the final stretch of a 16-hour odyssey.去特拉夫尼克的这段路是长达16小时艰险旅行的最后一程。
• His odyssey of passion, friendship,love,and revenge was now finished.他的热情、友谊、爱情和复仇的漫长历程，到此结束了。

10 larvae   

n.幼虫

参考例句：

• Larvae are parasitic on sheep.幼虫寄生在绵羊的身上。
• The larvae prey upon small aphids.这种幼虫以小蚜虫为食。

11 tentacles   

n.触手( tentacle的名词复数 )；触角；触须；触毛

参考例句：

• Tentacles of fear closed around her body. 恐惧的阴影笼罩着她。
• Many molluscs have tentacles. 很多软体动物有触角。 来自《简明英汉词典》