作文备考必背句型及方法介绍

 　　开头

　　1. The arguer may be right about…, but he seems to neglect(fail) to mention (take into account) the fact that….

　　2. Although many people believe that… , I doubt (wonder) whether the argument bears much analysis (close examination).

　　3. It would be possible (natural/reasonable) to think (believe/take the view) that…, but it would be absurd (wrong) to claim (argue) that…

　　4. A close (careful) inspection¹ (examination/scrutiny) of this argument would reveal how flimsy (groundless/fallacious) it is.

　　5. However just (logical/sound/valid) this argument maybe, it only skims the surface of the problem.

　　结尾

　　1. From what has been discussed above (Taking into account all these factors/ Judging from all evidence offered), we may draw (reach/come to /arrive at) the conclusion that…

　　2. It is high time that we place (lay/put) great (special/consideration) emphasis on the improvement (development/increase/promotion) of….

　　3. There is no easy (immediate/effective) solution (approach/answer/remedy) to the problem of…,but ….might be useful (helpful/beneficial).

　　4. Following these methods (suggestions) may not guarantee the success in (solution to)…, but the payoff will be worth the effort.

　　5. For these reasons, I strongly recommend that….

　　己准备必须多思考，拿了个题目想尽办法去分析，去了解如何写这个题。比如说考试抽到的这个题(这个题比较好写)，具体题不记得了，我复述：

　　Itshouldberequiredthatstudentsofamajortakecoursesinadifferentmajorincollege。这个题思考的时候就可以从很多方面入手，比如：对major进行分类，文科类、科学类、纯理论类(theoreticalmath，physics等)，他们肯定是不相同的。然后可以说不同的major对其他知识的需求，然后就是college对这类的限制(学到更广的知识，目的是什么，结果如何?)，到了社会上如何。甚至，光知识对一个人自身的影响，以及反写等等。能想到这么多，并且把它们分段，有组织地串联起来，这篇文章就算是解决了。这也是一个非常明显的可以正反写的题目(让步、正面写、特例)，所有的东西都能为主论点服务，因此相对比较难走题。

　　八个必须

　　第一段：开头段。主要是归纳论点，说明论点有问题，存在逻辑漏洞，准备发起进攻。

　　第一层：

　　This argument concludes/recommends/argues that…

　　第二层：

　　To support this conclusion the writer cites…/points out that…

　　第三层：

　　However, this argument suffers from several critical flaws and is therefore unconvincing/ unpersuasive as it stands.

　　第二段和第三段甚至第四段：分类别去攻击各个逻辑错误。(以因果关系类错误为例)

　　One problem with the argument is that, the editorial observes a correlation² between… and …, then concludes that the former is the cause of the latter. However, the editorial fails to rule out other possible explanations for…For example,… Any of these factors, or other social, political or economic factors, might lead to…Without ruling out all other such factors it is unfair to conclude that…

　　第五段：结尾段。

　　作者的结论似乎是合理的，但是通过论证，不是这样的。因此作者在做出决定之前，应该还要考虑其他情况。我们通过一篇文章作为实例来介绍Argument的论证步骤和论证方法以及文章结构。

　　In the final analysis, the letter's author fails to adequately support the recommendation that…To bolster the argument, the arguer must provide detailed demographic/statistical evidence showing that…The author must also provide evidence--perhaps by way of a reliable survey—that…

1 inspection   

n.检查，审查，检阅

参考例句：

• On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。
• The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers.士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。

2 correlation   

n.相互关系，相关，关连

参考例句：

• The second group of measurements had a high correlation with the first.第二组测量数据与第一组高度相关。
• A high correlation exists in America between education and economic position.教育和经济地位在美国有极密切的关系。