GRE作文高分从这里开始

 　　新GRE考试中，作文总分是6分，如何取得GRE写作5分以上的好成绩呢?或许很多学生会对是否能得到这么高的分数持怀疑态度。那么请看下面的讲解。

　　首先是ISSUE部分评分标准：从最高6到0分。

　　SCORING GUIDE FOR PRESENT YOUR PERSPECTIVE ON AN ISSUEGRE ESSAY SCORING GUIDE: PERSPECTIVE ON AN ISSUE SCORE6 A 6 paper presents a cogent¹, well-articulated analysis of the complexities² of the issue and demonstrates mastery of the elements of effective writing.

　　满分作文的标准：表现出对语言的把握(mastery)，对题目的深刻理解(complexities)，并且cogent。

　　A typical paper in this category

　　develops a position(看到了吗，a position,要选取一个角度)on the issue with insightful reasons and/or persuasive³ examples (看到OR了吗，所以没有例子也可以，如果你可以congent并且给出非常insightful的理由)。

　　sustains a well-focused, well-organized discussion(关于文章结构的要求)expresses ideas clearly and precisely⁴

　　uses language fluently, with varied⁵ sentence structure and effective vocabulary (关于语言的要求的，你对语言的mastery就应该从这几个方面体现出来。)demonstrates superior facility with the conventions (grammar, usage, and mechanics) of standard written English but may have minor⁶ flaws(这个minor flaws是建立在不影响理解的基础之上。)1Topic: Generalists vs. Specialists

　　Present your perspective on the issue below, using relevant reasons and/or examples to support your views.

　　"In our time, specialists of all kinds are highly overrated. We need more generalistspeople who can provide broad perspectives."SAMPLE-1 (score:6)

　　In this era of rapid social and technological⁷ change leading to increasing life complexity⁸ and psychological displacement⁹, both positive and negative effects among persons in Western society call for a balance in which there are both specialists and generalists.

　　这一段heme: specialist and generalist这个就是general statement。一些朋友拿文章出来修改的时候我经常发现没有一个引子，一个general statement.缺少这个部分的文章是得不到高分的。

　　Specialists are necessary insgroupsto allow society as a whole to properly and usefully assimilate the masses of new information and knowledge that have come out of research and have been widely disseminated¹⁰ through mass global media.肯定了specialist的必要性。句式不错，几个定语从句套在一起。As the head of Pharmacology at my university once said (and I paraphrase):"I can only research what I do because there are so many who have come before me to whom I can turn for basic knowledge. It is only because of each of the narrowly focussed individuals at each step that a full and true understanding of the complexities of life can be had. Each person can only hold enough knowledge to add one small rung to the ladder, but together we can climb to the moon." This illustrates¹¹ the point that our societies level of knowledge and technology is at a stage in which there simply must be specialists insgroupsfor our society to take advantage of the information available to us.

　　Simply put, without specialists, our society would find itself bogged¹² down in the Sargasso sea of information overload¹³. (Figurative expression) While it was fine for early physicists¹⁴ to learn and understand the few laws and ideas that existed during their times, now, no one individual can possibly digest and assimilate all of the knowledge in any given area.

　　阐述的很清楚，语言也很简单

　　On the other hand, Over specialization means narrow focii in which people can lose the larger picture.

　　这个句子一看就知道快要引出另外一个主角generalist了，这个主题句是对过度专业化的一个否定。

　　No one can hope to understand the human body by only inspecting one‘s own toe-nails. What we learn from a narrow focus may be internally logically coherent but may be irrelevant¹⁵ or fallacious within the framework of a broader perspective. Further, if we inspect only our toe-nails, we may conclude that the whole body is hard and white. Useful conclusions and thus perhaps useful inventions must come by sharing among specialists. Simply throwing out various discovieries means we have a pile of useless discoveries, it is only when one can make with them a mosaic¹⁶ that we can see that they may form a picture.

 

1 cogent   

adj.强有力的，有说服力的

参考例句：

• The result is a cogent explanation of inflation.结果令人信服地解释了通货膨胀问题。
• He produced cogent reasons for the change of policy.他对改变政策提出了充分的理由。

2 complexities   

复杂性(complexity的名词复数)； 复杂的事物

参考例句：

• The complexities of life bothered him. 生活的复杂使他困惑。
• The complexities of life bothered me. 生活的杂乱事儿使我心烦。

3 persuasive   

adj.有说服力的，能说得使人相信的

参考例句：

• His arguments in favour of a new school are very persuasive.他赞成办一座新学校的理由很有说服力。
• The evidence was not really persuasive enough.证据并不是太有说服力。

4 precisely   

adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地

参考例句：

• It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
• The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。

5 varied   

adj.多样的，多变化的

参考例句：

• The forms of art are many and varied.艺术的形式是多种多样的。
• The hotel has a varied programme of nightly entertainment.宾馆有各种晚间娱乐活动。

6 minor   

adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修

参考例句：

• The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
• I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。

7 technological   

adj.技术的；工艺的

参考例句：

• A successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。
• Today,the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements.当今， 随着科技进步，生活节奏不断增快。

8 complexity   

n.复杂(性)，复杂的事物

参考例句：

• Only now did he understand the full complexity of the problem.直到现在他才明白这一问题的全部复杂性。
• The complexity of the road map puzzled me.错综复杂的公路图把我搞糊涂了。

9 displacement   

n.移置，取代，位移，排水量

参考例句：

• They said that time is the feeling of spatial displacement.他们说时间是空间位移的感觉。
• The displacement of all my energy into caring for the baby.我所有精力都放在了照顾宝宝上。

10 disseminated   

散布，传播( disseminate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Their findings have been widely disseminated . 他们的研究成果已经广为传播。
• Berkovitz had contracted polio after ingesting a vaccine disseminated under federal supervision. 伯考维茨在接种了在联邦监督下分发的牛痘疫苗后传染上脊髓灰质炎。

11 illustrates   

给…加插图( illustrate的第三人称单数 )； 说明； 表明； （用示例、图画等）说明

参考例句：

• This historical novel illustrates the breaking up of feudal society in microcosm. 这部历史小说是走向崩溃的封建社会的缩影。
• Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had an experience which illustrates this. 阿尔弗莱德 - 阿德勒是一位著名的医生，他有过可以说明这点的经历。 来自中级百科部分

12 bogged   

adj.陷于泥沼的v.（使）陷入泥沼， （使）陷入困境( bog的过去式和过去分词 )；妨碍，阻碍

参考例句：

• The professor bogged down in the middle of his speech. 教授的演讲只说了一半便讲不下去了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• The tractor is bogged down in the mud. 拖拉机陷入了泥沼。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 overload   

vt.使超载；n.超载

参考例句：

• Don't overload the boat or it will sink.别超载，否则船会沉。
• Large meals overload the digestive system.吃得太饱会加重消化系统的负担。

14 physicists   

物理学家( physicist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• For many particle physicists, however, it was a year of frustration. 对于许多粒子物理学家来说，这是受挫折的一年。 来自英汉非文学 - 科技
• Physicists seek rules or patterns to provide a framework. 物理学家寻求用法则或图式来构成一个框架。

15 irrelevant   

adj.不恰当的，无关系的，不相干的

参考例句：

• That is completely irrelevant to the subject under discussion.这跟讨论的主题完全不相关。
• A question about arithmetic is irrelevant in a music lesson.在音乐课上，一个数学的问题是风马牛不相及的。

16 mosaic   

n./adj.镶嵌细工的，镶嵌工艺品的，嵌花式的

参考例句：

• The sky this morning is a mosaic of blue and white.今天早上的天空是幅蓝白相间的画面。
• The image mosaic is a troublesome work.图象镶嵌是个麻烦的工作。