奥运知识—斯诺克台球的比赛规则

　　it Takes Balls

　　A standard set of balls for the snooker table consists of 15 rids,6 colours and 1white/cue ball.Historically,snooker balls were made exclusively from heavy ivory.Thankfully,these quickly became a thing of the past and were replaced before the Second World War by lighter¹ Crystallite bassl made from the croushed shin bones of cows.Today,snooker balls are entirely² made from synthetic³ materials.

　　一套标准的斯诺克台球用球由15只红色球，6只彩色球和一只白/主球组成。历史上，斯诺克用球只能用沉重的象牙来制造，谢天谢地，这很快就成为了历史，在第二次世界大战之前，更为轻便的微晶球取而代之，它们由碾碎的母牛胫骨制成，而如今，斯诺克用球全部是用俣成材料来制造。

　　Mind Your Manners!

　　In much the same way as golf,snooker demands high standards of etiquette⁴ and behavior from all players,at all levels,at all times.This applies in the same way to a local league match as it does to a big game in a professional tournament.

　　1、Shake hands with an opponent at the start and end of a match.

　　2、Shake hands with the referee⁵ at the start and end of a match.

　　3、Declare all your own fouls,at all times.

　　4、Do not stand in line of an opponent’s shot.

　　5、Do not volunteer remarks about an opponent’s luck whilst a match is in progress.

　　6、Do not complain about playing conditions whilst a match is in progress.

　　7、Do not strike matches or lighters,and try to avoid coughing whilst your opponent is at the table.

　　8、Do not concede a frame or match when you have missed a shot or whilst your opponent is still at the table.Wait for your opponent to finish their visit before conceding.

　　9、Do not argue with the referee or your opponent.

　　礼仪至上

　　与高尔夫差不多，斯诺克要求选手在任何级别的比赛上，在任何时候都有要具备高标准的礼仪举止。无论是在地方联赛上，还是在职业联赛中的高级别赛上，这一规定均适用。

　　1、在比赛开始和结束时，要和对手握手。

　　2、在比赛开始和结事时，要和裁判握手。

　　3、无论何时，都要将自己所有的犯规行为时行申报。

　　4、不能站在对手的击球线上。

　　5、在比赛仍在进行时，不能随意对对手的运气进行评论。

　　6、在比赛仍在进行时，不能对比赛形势表达不满。

　　7、当你的对手在台面击球时，不能划火柴或点燃打火机，别外要避免咳嗽出声。

　　8、在某盘或某场比赛中，当你击失一杆或你的对手仍在台面击球时，不能认输。等到你的对手击完球后，方可认输。

　　9、不能与裁判或你的对手进行争论。

　　Alternatives

　　Here’s cool altrnative game that can be played on a snooker table.it’s called Killer⁷.

　　This game is best played in groups of five or more.Set all 22 balls up in a triangle beneath the pink spot.Players then toss coins or are drawn⁸ ort to decide an order of play.Each player if awarded a numeber of ’lives’,which is normally three but may idffer dependent on the number of participants.Once an order of play if established a neutral person is asked to break the balls as hard as they can to open them up around the table.Player one then comes to the table and plays from where the white ball finishes. Player one must pot a ball as failure to de so will result in the loss of one of their lives.Player two then begins from the place the white ball has finished and so on.Play rotates after each player has had their shot.Once a player has lost all their lives they are removed from the game.The game progresses until all but one player has olst all lives given to them.They are then declared the winner.A foul⁶ (normal snooker ruless apply)results in the loss of a player’s life.

　　换个玩法

　　在斯诺克球案上还可以进行别一个有趣的游戏。那就是Killer游戏。

　　这个游戏最好有5个或5个以上的游戏者。在粉球置点的下面，把所有的22只球摆放成一个三角形。游戏者斯诺克台球的比赛规则可以抛掷硬币或抽签来决定进行游戏的顺序。每个游戏者可以获得几条“命”，通常是3条，但根据参与者数量的不同可以有所调整。一旦确定了游戏顺序，就请一个旁观者来开球，开球时他/她要尽力把球击散到台面各处。然后，第一个出场的的游戏者必须击进一个球，不然就会失去一条“命”。之后，第二个出场的游戏者从白球停落的位置上开始游戏，并依次进行下去。当所有游戏者都打过一轮后，他/她就被淘汰出局。游戏一直要进行到只有一名游戏者留了下来而其他人都丢掉了他们的“命”。 之后，他/她将被宣布为获胜者。游戏者犯规（一般的斯诺克规则所规定的）一次就将丢掉一条“命”。

1 lighter   

n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级

参考例句：

• The portrait was touched up so as to make it lighter.这张画经过润色，色调明朗了一些。
• The lighter works off the car battery.引燃器利用汽车蓄电池打火。

2 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

3 synthetic   

adj.合成的，人工的；综合的；n.人工制品

参考例句：

• We felt the salesman's synthetic friendliness.我们感觉到那位销售员的虚情假意。
• It's a synthetic diamond.这是人造钻石。

4 etiquette   

n.礼仪，礼节；规矩

参考例句：

• The rules of etiquette are not so strict nowadays.如今的礼仪规则已不那么严格了。
• According to etiquette,you should stand up to meet a guest.按照礼节你应该站起来接待客人。

5 referee   

n.裁判员．仲裁人，代表人，鉴定人

参考例句：

• The team was left raging at the referee's decision.队员们对裁判员的裁决感到非常气愤。
• The referee blew a whistle at the end of the game.裁判在比赛结束时吹响了哨子。

6 foul   

adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规

参考例句：

• Take off those foul clothes and let me wash them.脱下那些脏衣服让我洗一洗。
• What a foul day it is!多么恶劣的天气！

7 killer   

n.杀人者，杀人犯，杀手，屠杀者

参考例句：

• Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
• The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。

8 drawn   

v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的

参考例句：

• All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
• Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。