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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
省略与替代
省略与替代二者有着紧密的联系,都是为了精简词语和避免重复,常常交替使用,从而使语言简洁明了,上下文联系更加紧密。
省略
1. 某一句子成分的省略
(I) Beg your pardon?
(There) Must be somebody waiting for you.
We’ll do the best we can (do).
Which of them is the better choice? — Well, it’s hard to tell (it).
Let’s do the dishes. I’ll wash (dishes) and you dry (dishes).
Is this your bike? — Yes, it is (mine).
He’s a real man. — Who is (a real man)?
That letter was the last (I ever received from her).
2. 多个句子成分的省略
(I’ll say) A word about your composition.
(It is) Interesting, isn’t it?
(Is there) Anybody in?
(Have you) Got a light?
How could you (say so)?
Why (do you) not go by bus?
Which is the best? — The red one (is the best).
Have you finished the work? — Yes, I have (finished it).
3. 从句或整句省略
When (she was) asked about it, she only smiled without giving any answer.
It is easier to make a plan than (it is) to carry it out.
Do you like the film? — Oh, (I like it) very much.
You would do the same (if you were in my position).
I asked her when she would leave, and she said she didn’t know (when she would leave).
替代
1. 名词性替代
名词性替代指用替代词代替名词或名词词组。常见的名词替代词有代词one / ones, the same, the kind, the sort等。如:
The child doesn’t like this book. Show him a more interesting one. (one = book)
Today’s libraries are quite different from those of the past. (those = the libraries)
I’ll have two boiled eggs, please. — I’d like the same. (the same = two boiled eggs)
2. 动词性替代
动词性替代指用替代词代替动词或动词短语。常见的动词替代词有do, do so等。如:
He said he would tell me the news, but he didn’t do so. (do so = tell me the news)
I like playing football. — So do I. (So do I. = I like playing football, too.)
Mary will enter the competition. — So will Joan. (So will Joan. = Joan will enter the competition.)
3. 句子替代
句子替代是指用替代词代替整个从句。主要替代词有so和not。 如:
— Do you think he’ll come tomorrow?
— Yes, I think so. (so = that he’ll come tomorrow)
No, I think not. (not = that he’ll not come tomorrow)
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1
injured
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adj.受伤的 | |
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2
firewood
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n.木柴;柴火 | |
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3
paused
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v.停顿( pause的过去式和过去分词 );暂停;(按暂停键)暂停放音;暂停放像 | |
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permits
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许可( permit的名词复数 ); 许可证; 执照 | |
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fluently
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adv.流利地,流畅地 | |
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