“生病了”的25种说法

 　　1 have:表示“生病”，后常跟表示疾病的名词，是最通俗的说法，多用于口语。

　　例句：As I remember, my brother and sister both had severe asthmatic attacks in the childhood.

　　我记得，我弟弟和妹妹小时候都得过严重的哮喘病。

　　2 take/catch:均可表示“生病”，且含有“感染”之意。美国人多用take，英国人多用catch。

　　例句：Mary takes cold easily. 玛丽易患感冒。

　　Towards the end of the year, his son caught scarlet¹ fever.快到年底的时候他儿子得了腥红热。

　　3 contract：较正式的“生病”用语，常用于书面语。

　　例句：The patient may contract acute bacterial² peritonitis, in which case a surgical³ intervention⁴ should be considered. 该病人可能患有急性细菌性腹膜炎，在此情况下就得考虑手术处理。

　　4 get: 常作“生病”讲，后接表示疾病的名词。

　　例句：I think she's got epidemic⁵ meningitis. 我怀疑她得了流行性脑膜炎。

　　5 suffer from: 常用来表示“患病”，后接疾病名词，多用于医生与病人的交谈之中。

　　例句：Is there anybody in your family who has suffered from the same eye disease as you? 你家中还有没有人得过跟你一样的眼病？

　　6 (be) ill with: 如表示“患......病”的时候后面须跟with，多见于英式英语。

　　例句：The patient is ill with influenza⁶. 病人患流行性感冒。

　　7 (be) sick with: 多用于美式英语，与be ill with可以相互替换，但sick with不能改为sick of。

　　例句：The doctor told me that I was sick(ill) with hypertension.医生说我患有高血压。

　　8 fall ill(sick) with; fall ill(sick): 表示“患......病”时，后面须加with。

　　例句：Jackie fell ill with a fever last week and has been in bed ever since.杰基上星期发烧，一直躺在床上。

　　9 be seized with: 一般表示“突然患......病”。

　　例句：The patient was seized with apoplexy yesterday afernoon.病人昨天下午忽患中风。

　　10 be attacked with: 基本意是“为......疾病所侵袭”，常译成“患......病”。

　　例句：Attacked with acute myocardial inraction, the patient was surveilled for a week in hospital. 病人患急性心肌梗塞后，在医院里监护了一个星期。

　　11 be troubled with: 意为“患......病”。

　　例句：The patient troubled with constipation should have enough sleep, regular time for meal and proper mastication⁷ of food. 便秘病人应有足够的睡眠，进食定时，对于食物要细嚼慢咽。

　　12 be vulnerable to: 一般常用来表示“易患......病”。

　　例句：Fibres from the macular region of the retina are particularly vulnerable to inflammation. 视网膜斑区的纤维特别易患炎症。

　　13 expose...to (be exposed to): 以为“使......易患......病”，“易患......病”。

　　例句： An attack of fever weakens a child and exposes it to all kinds of infections. 发烧使患儿虚弱，易患各种感染。

　　When having cold, children are exposed to pneumonia⁸. 孩子感冒时易患肺炎。

　　14 suspect...of: 一般表示“怀疑......患......病”。

　　例句：On examination the patient was suspected of carcinomaof the caetum.经检查，怀疑病人患盲肠癌。

　　15 fall (a) victim to: 其基本意为“成为......的牺牲品”，常可用来表示“患......病”。

　　例句： The longer a person has smoked, the greater becomes his liability to fall a victim to long cancer. 一个人吸烟的时间越长，患肺癌的可能性就越大。

　　16 Be (come) down with/be taken down with: 意为“患......病而病倒”。

　　例句：After being in the rain, Tom came down with a bad cold.在外淋雨后，汤姆患重感冒病倒了。

　　17 be stricken (down) with; be stricken with: 意为“为......疾病所侵袭”或“患......病”。

　　例句：She was stricken with fever yesterday. 她昨天发烧了。

　　18 be afflicted⁹ with: 其基本意为“为......病所折磨”，常用来表达“患......病”，其特征是，不仅表示患病的开始，还表示患病过程中所受之苦，特别是精神上的痛苦。

　　例句：For many years Harold was afflicted with edematous laryngitis. 哈德罗患水肿性喉炎多年了。

　　19 be affected¹⁰ with (by): 一般用来表示“患......病”或“被......感染”。

　　例句：Both the lungs are affected by the infection. 两肺均已被感染。

　　20 be infected with: 意为“被......所感染”，“被......所侵袭”，可译成“患......病”。

　　例句：On necropsy the patient was found to have been infected with tuberculosis¹¹ as well. 尸检发现病人还患过结核病。

　　21 be laid up with: 一般用来表示“患......病而卧床”或“卧病在床”。

　　Daniel was laid up for nearly a month with chronic¹² appendicitis¹³. 丹尼尔患慢性阑尾炎卧床近一个月。

　　22 be pulled down by: 意为“患......病而病倒”。

　　例句：Mozart was pulled down by anaphylactoid shock suddenly at 3 yesterday afternoon.莫扎特昨天下午三点多患过敏性休克而病倒。

　　23 be confined to bed with: 意为“患......病而卧床”或“卧病在床”。

　　例句：His wife was confined to bed with pyogenic osteomyelitis. 他妻子因患化脓性骨髓炎而卧病在床。

　　24 be bedridden with: “患......病而卧床”。

　　例句：Preston is bedridden with rheumatic heart disease, and the doctor fear he will soon be no more. 普雷斯顿因患风湿心脏病卧床不起，医生们担心他生命垂危。

　　25 be in bed with: 意为“患......病而卧床”。

　　例句：Maxwell is in bed with pulmonary emphysema. 麦克斯韦因患肺气肿而卧床。

1 scarlet   

n.深红色，绯红色，红衣；adj.绯红色的

参考例句：

• The scarlet leaves of the maples contrast well with the dark green of the pines.深红的枫叶和暗绿的松树形成了明显的对比。
• The glowing clouds are growing slowly pale,scarlet,bright red,and then light red.天空的霞光渐渐地淡下去了，深红的颜色变成了绯红，绯红又变为浅红。

2 bacterial   

a.细菌的

参考例句：

• Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间，细菌繁殖加快了。
• Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。

3 surgical   

adj.外科的，外科医生的，手术上的

参考例句：

• He performs the surgical operations at the Red Cross Hospital.他在红十字会医院做外科手术。
• All surgical instruments must be sterilised before use.所有的外科手术器械在使用之前，必须消毒。

4 intervention   

n.介入，干涉，干预

参考例句：

• The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
• Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。

5 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

6 influenza   

n.流行性感冒，流感

参考例句：

• They took steps to prevent the spread of influenza.他们采取措施
• Influenza is an infectious disease.流感是一种传染病。

7 mastication   

n.咀嚼

参考例句：

• Regular like spike wave and poly spike wave were found in mastication. 在咀嚼时可见有规律性类似棘波、多棘波。 来自互联网
• Mastication is one of the most important fundamental oral functions. 咀嚼是口腔重要的生理功能之一。 来自互联网

8 pneumonia   

n.肺炎

参考例句：

• Cage was struck with pneumonia in her youth.凯奇年轻时得过肺炎。
• Pneumonia carried him off last week.肺炎上星期夺去了他的生命。

9 afflicted   

使受痛苦，折磨( afflict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• About 40% of the country's population is afflicted with the disease. 全国40%左右的人口患有这种疾病。
• A terrible restlessness that was like to hunger afflicted Martin Eden. 一阵可怕的、跟饥饿差不多的不安情绪折磨着马丁·伊登。

10 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

11 tuberculosis   

n.结核病，肺结核

参考例句：

• People used to go to special health spring to recover from tuberculosis.人们常去温泉疗养胜地治疗肺结核。
• Tuberculosis is a curable disease.肺结核是一种可治愈的病。

12 chronic   

adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的

参考例句：

• Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
• Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

13 appendicitis   

n.阑尾炎，盲肠炎

参考例句：

• He came down with appendicitis.他得了阑尾炎。
• Acute appendicitis usually develops without relation to the ingestion of food.急性阑尾炎的发生通常与饮食无关。