打招呼的礼仪

 　　中国人讲究入乡随俗；英语里说，When　in　Rome,do　as　Romans　do.适当的场合讲适当的话，这就是礼仪的一部分。

　　The Greeting Ritual

　　First impressions last the longest. In this week's article, we will explore greeting rituals （仪式）and how you can make your first impression a good one. There are merely four things to do in order to complete the greeting ritual successfully: smile, make eye contact, shake hands firmly and utter（说）an appropriate greeting.

　　Smiling is the universal sign for goodwill¹, and it reduces social tension. I went to a job interview when I was about 18, and I was so nervous that I could hardly keep myself from shaking. After an eternity² of five minutes, the receptionist said the manager would meet me. I moved slowly toward the manager's office door and opened it respectfully. There, standing³ behind his desk with his hand outstretched in greeting, was a portly man of about 50, and he was grinning（露齿而笑）from ear to ear. "Come in and have a seat, David," he said. He shook my hand and told me that he was happy I had come. It wasn't long before my anxiety melted away in the glow of his bright smile and warm gestures. When I left that meeting with my new job, I couldn't remember why I had been so afraid in the first place. A warm smile made all the difference.

　　In some cultures, eye contact is a sign of aggression⁴ especially when it is made between inferiors（下级）and superiors（上级）, but in most western countries it is a sign of honesty and goodwill. Eye contact simply means to look at someone directly into their eye.. Although staring long into someone else's eyes can be considered inappropriate if that person is not a loved one, making proper eye contact during the greeting ritual is absolutely necessary. In western countries, a person who cannot or will not make eye contact is perceived（理解）to be dishonest. Remember, during the greeting ritual, you must make eye contact.

　　The handshake is, perhaps, the most memorable⁵ part of the greeting ritual because we actually make physical contact for the first time. When shaking hands, one must remember that the handshake must be firm. That is, you must squeeze the other person's hand tightly - not enough to cause discomfort⁶, but it must firm enough to register as tight. A soft, wilted⁷ （衰弱的）handshake is considered offensive, and such a handshake is the easiest way to make a terrible first impression. As you shake hands, you should lean into it slightly. That is lean toward the person with whom you are shaking hands in sort of a tiny bow（鞠躬）. A good, firm handshake is a strong foundation upon which a lifelong friendship can be built. Remember, keep it firm!

　　As one smiles at a new acquaintance, looking into his or her eyes , shaking hands firmly, it is then expected that one will say some words of greeting. This phase is the easiest part of the greeting ritual because our greetings are formulaic. "How do you do, Mr. X" is a very formal greeting, and it is appropriate if one is meeting a superior. "Nice to meet you" is very common and acceptable in most situations. It is important to remember that questions like "how do you do" or "how are you" are part of the greeting ritual and are not intended to investigate your situation. The correct answer to both questions is "fine，thank you, and you?"

1 goodwill   

n.善意，亲善，信誉，声誉

参考例句：

• His heart is full of goodwill to all men.他心里对所有人都充满着爱心。
• We paid ￡10,000 for the shop,and ￡2000 for its goodwill.我们用一万英镑买下了这家商店，两千英镑买下了它的信誉。

2 eternity   

n.不朽，来世；永恒，无穷

参考例句：

• The dull play seemed to last an eternity.这场乏味的剧似乎演个没完没了。
• Finally,Ying Tai and Shan Bo could be together for all of eternity.英台和山伯终能双宿双飞，永世相随。

3 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

4 aggression   

n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害

参考例句：

• So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结，就不必惧怕外来侵略。
• Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。

5 memorable   

adj.值得回忆的，难忘的，特别的，显著的

参考例句：

• This was indeed the most memorable day of my life.这的确是我一生中最值得怀念的日子。
• The veteran soldier has fought many memorable battles.这个老兵参加过许多难忘的战斗。

6 discomfort   

n.不舒服，不安，难过，困难，不方便

参考例句：

• One has to bear a little discomfort while travelling.旅行中总要忍受一点不便。
• She turned red with discomfort when the teacher spoke.老师讲话时她不好意思地红着脸。

7 wilted   

（使）凋谢，枯萎( wilt的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The flowers wilted in the hot sun. 花在烈日下枯萎了。
• The romance blossomed for six or seven months, and then wilted. 那罗曼史持续六七个月之后就告吹了。