2012年翻译资格：口译笔译分类词汇(二)

 　　2012年翻译资格：口译笔译分类词汇(二)

　　服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country

　　复杂多变的国内经济环境complicated and volatile¹ economic environment both at home and abroad

　　改革价格形成机制reform the price formation mechanism²

　　干堤的修复加固任务the task of repairing and reinforcing the main dikes

　　干法旋窑水泥dry-process rotary³ kilns⁴

　　敢抓敢管、不讲情面 have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise management no matter what others might think

　　高等教育“211工程” the “211” Project for higher education

　　高技术产业发展规划 plans for the development of high-tech⁵ industries

　　高技术产业化 apply high technology to production

　　高技术产业化示范工程 high-tech model projects to demonstrate their commercial viability⁶

　　高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻’三个代表’重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of ’Three Represents’

　　高清晰度电视功能样机 functional⁷ prototype of high definition TV

　　个人所得税法 the Law on Personal Income Tax

　　个体经济、私营经济 self-employed and private businesses

　　各地区经济发展的客观需要 the needs of the economic development of different regions

　　各级各类教育 all forms of education at all levels

　　各种“小金库”屡禁不止 failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly

　　各种偷税、骗税和逃税行为 all acts of tax evasion⁸ and tax fraud

　　工程监理制 project supervision⁹ system

　　工程质量事故 accidents resulting from poor quality of projects

　　工业增加值 industrial added value

　　公开市场操作 open-market operations

　　共建、调整、合作、合并 a program of joint¹⁰ development， adjustment， cooperation and mergers¹¹

　　购买力 purchasing power

　　鼓励兼并 encourage mergers

　　关心群众疾苦 help alleviate¹² their hardships

　　规范管理 standardized¹⁴ administration

　　规范化的财政管理 standardized financial management

　　规范破产 standardize¹³ bankruptcy¹⁵ procedures

　　规范税制 standardize the tax system

　　国际公认 internationally recognized

　　国际通行的吸引外资方式 internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment

　　国家财政包揽过多 The state finance takes on too much financial burden.

　　国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission

　　国家确定的重点领域投资 investment in the key areas designated by the state

　　国家税源的大量流失 great loss of state revenue

　　国家重点科研项目 national key scientific research projects

　　国库券 treasury¹⁶ bonds

　　国民经济各方面 all sectors¹⁷ of the national economy

　　国民生产总值 gross national product （GNP）

　　国内短缺原材料和资源性产品 raw and semi-finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China

　　国有独资商业银行 wholly state-funded commercial bank

　　国有企业改革reform of state-owned enterprises

　　国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度 a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state-owned and collectively-owned enterprises

　　国有企业重组 regroup SOEs

　　国有商业银行一级法人管理 management of the state-owned commercial banks with only their head offices as their legal persons

　　国有资产管理、监督和营运机制 management， supervision and operation of state-owned assets

　　国有资源有偿使用 paid use of state-owned resources

　　国债资金 the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds

　　过剩的生产能力 excessive production capacity

　　海峡两岸关系 cross-Strait relations

　　合同管理制 contract management system

　　黑市交易 black market transaction in foreign exchanges

　　很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。 Many enterprises of Shanghai go on a ’gold-rush’ spree in the western parts of China.

　　宏观调控目标 macro-control targets

　　宏观经济预期目标 macroeconomic targets

　　会计法 the Accounting Law

　　会计信息质量抽查公告制度 the system for publicizing the results of random inspections for the quality of accounting information

1 volatile   

adj.反复无常的，挥发性的，稍纵即逝的，脾气火爆的；n.挥发性物质

参考例句：

• With the markets being so volatile,investments are at great risk.由于市场那么变化不定，投资冒着很大的风险。
• His character was weak and volatile.他这个人意志薄弱，喜怒无常。

2 mechanism   

n.机械装置；机构，结构

参考例句：

• The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
• The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

3 rotary   

adj.(运动等)旋转的；轮转的；转动的

参考例句：

• The central unit is a rotary drum.核心设备是一个旋转的滚筒。
• A rotary table helps to optimize the beam incidence angle.一张旋转的桌子有助于将光线影响之方式角最佳化。

4 kilns   

n.窑( kiln的名词复数 )；烧窑工人

参考例句：

• Bricks and earthware articles are baked in kilns. 砖和陶器都是在窑中烧成的。 来自辞典例句
• The bricks are baking in the kilns. ？里正在烧砖。 来自辞典例句

5 high-tech   

adj.高科技的

参考例句：

• The economy is in the upswing which makes high-tech services in more demand too.经济在蓬勃发展，这就使对高科技服务的需求量也在加大。
• The quest of a cure for disease with high-tech has never ceased. 人们希望运用高科技治疗疾病的追求从未停止过。

6 viability   

n.存活(能力)

参考例句：

• What is required to achieve or maintain such viability? 要达到或维持这种生存能力需要什么？
• Scientists are experimenting to find ways to ensure the viability of seeds for even longer periods of time. 正如我们所说，科学家正在试验努力寻找让种子的生命力更加延长的方法。

7 functional   

adj.为实用而设计的，具备功能的，起作用的

参考例句：

• The telephone was out of order,but is functional now.电话刚才坏了，但现在可以用了。
• The furniture is not fancy,just functional.这些家具不是摆着好看的，只是为了实用。

8 evasion   

n.逃避，偷漏(税)

参考例句：

• The movie star is in prison for tax evasion.那位影星因为逃税而坐牢。
• The act was passed as a safeguard against tax evasion.这项法案旨在防止逃税行为。

9 supervision   

n.监督，管理

参考例句：

• The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
• The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

10 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

11 mergers   

n.（两个公司的）合并( merger的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Mergers fall into three categories: horizontal, vertical, and conglomerate. 合并分为以下三种：横向合并，纵向合并和混合合并。 来自辞典例句
• Many recent mergers are concentrated within specific industries, particularly in retailing, airlines and communications. 现代许多合并企业集中进行某些特定业务，在零售业、民航和通讯业中更是如此。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件

12 alleviate   

v.减轻，缓和，缓解(痛苦等)

参考例句：

• The doctor gave her an injection to alleviate the pain.医生给她注射以减轻疼痛。
• Nothing could alleviate his distress.什么都不能减轻他的痛苦。

13 standardize   

v.使符合标准，使标准化

参考例句：

• We will extend and standardize legal services and provide effective legal aid.拓展和规范法律服务，积极开展法律援助。
• There is a drive both to standardise components and to reduce the number of models on offer.正在为实现零部件标准化和减少推出的型号数量而努力。

14 standardized   

adj.标准化的

参考例句：

• We use standardized tests to measure scholastic achievement. 我们用标准化考试来衡量学生的学业成绩。
• The parts of an automobile are standardized. 汽车零件是标准化了的。

15 bankruptcy   

n.破产；无偿付能力

参考例句：

• You will have to pull in if you want to escape bankruptcy.如果你想避免破产，就必须节省开支。
• His firm is just on thin ice of bankruptcy.他的商号正面临破产的危险。

16 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

17 sectors   

n.部门( sector的名词复数 )；领域；防御地区；扇形

参考例句：

• Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》