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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
第三句型:主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
我们知道,名词可以做主语和宾语,非谓语动词 -ing和 to do也可以做主语和宾语,
作主语:
Learning a foreign language is not easy.(学门外语并不容易。)
To learn a foreign language is not easy. (= It is not easy to learn a foreign language.)
从语法角度讲,上述两个表达方式都可以。
但是,当动词处于宾语位置时,就不能这样“随心所欲”了,因为英语语法有以下几个规定:
1)acknowledge / admit / appreciate / avoid / consider / contemplate1 / defer2 / deny / dislike / enjoy / escape / evade3 / excuse / facilitate / fancy / favor / feel like / finish / give up / cannot help / cannot stand / imagine / include / keep (on) / do not mind / miss / permit / practice / regret / resent / risk / suggest 等词后面的动词宾语必须用-ing 形式,重点和首先要掌握黑体字部分。由于这些次的词义与解题关系不大,没有给出具体词义解释。若需要,请学生自己查字典解决。
这是语法考试的一个重点,要对以上词特别敏感,例如:
It is impossible to avoid ______ by the stormy weather.
B. having much affected
C. to be much affected
D. to have been much affected
解题思路:
1)一看到avoid一词,便可确定正确答案在A、B中;
2)affect意为“影响”,及物动词,故B不对。
[如果做题时间来不及,此类题目若有“主动语态”和“被动语态”之分,一般选“被动语态”的正确率高些。]
点击收听单词发音
1 contemplate | |
vt.盘算,计议;周密考虑;注视,凝视 | |
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2 defer | |
vt.推迟,拖延;vi.(to)遵从,听从,服从 | |
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3 evade | |
vt.逃避,回避;避开,躲避 | |
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4 affected | |
adj.不自然的,假装的 | |
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