多金女偏爱年长魅力男

 Some have already dubbed¹ it the George Clooney Effect: Psychologists in Scotland have found that as women become more financially independent, they want an older, more attractive male partner.

Studies have previously² found that women place greater emphasis on whether a man can provide for them, while men place more importance on good looks. The new study revealed that as women earn more and become more independent, their tastes actually change.

The finding suggests that greater financial independence gives women greater confidence in choosing their partner. Instinctive³ preferences for material stability and security become less important, physical attractiveness becomes more important, and the age of a woman's partner also increases.

"Previous research shows that men place greater importance on physical attractiveness when picking a partner, whereas women focus much more on whether someone can provide material resources," said lead researcher Dr. Fhionna Moore. "We'd assumed that as women earn more, their partner preferences would actually become more like those of men, with a tendency towards preferring younger, more attractive partners rather than those who can provide and care for children.

Moore added, "However, the preferred age difference did not change as we'd expected - more financially independent women actually preferred even older men. We think this suggests greater financial independence gives women more confidence in partner choices, and attracts them to powerful, attractive older men."

The study was conducted online with 3,770 heterosexual participants, about equal numbers of men and woman, who were asked questions about their background and personal situation, and their level of financial independence. Participants ranked a series of criteria⁴ such as physical attraction, financial prospects⁵ and sense of humor in order of importance, with these results matched against their income and financial independence.

"The behavior of men and women does become more similar as women earn more, but only in terms of the importance of physical attraction," Moore added. "But the similarities stop there: Greater income makes women prefer even older men, and men prefer even younger women."

The popular stereotype⁶ of powerful women adopting male patterns of behavior is strongly questioned by these new results.

The research is published in the latest online issue of the journal Evolutionary⁷ Psychology⁸.

苏格兰心理学家研究发现，女性经济地位越独立，就越想寻觅较年长、更有魅力的男性为伴。有些人称之为乔治?克鲁尼效应。

此前研究表明，女性择偶时更注重男性能否养家糊口，而男性择偶时则更重外表。而这项新研究则表明，女性收入越高、越独立，她们的择偶品味也会随之变化。

研究结果表明，女性经济越独立，择偶时越有自信，对伴侣经济实力的稳定和生活保障的本能偏好会变得次要，她们会更关注外表，也更偏爱年长男性。

首席研究员菲恩娜?摩尔博士说：“此前研究表明，男性则偶时更重视外表，而女性更重视对方的经济实力。我们曾认为，女性收入越高，其择偶偏好就越类似于男性，倾向于选择年轻、有魅力的伴侣，而不是可以养好孩子的人。”

摩尔补充道：“但择偶的年龄偏好却没有出现预期的变化，经济越独立的女性其实更喜欢较年长的男性。我们认为这表明更独立的经济地位使女性在择偶时更自信，因而更偏爱有实力、有魅力的年长男士。”

该研究共对3770名异性恋者进行了网上调查，男女人数各半。他们被问及生活背景及个人状况，以及经济独立水平等问题，并对一系列择偶标准按照重要程度进行排序，例如外貌、经济前景、以及幽默感等。研究人员将调查结果与被调查者的收入和经济独立状况进行了对比。

摩尔补充说：“女性收入越高，与男性的择偶行为越趋同，但这仅限于对外貌的看法。有一点是不同的：高收入女性喜欢年长男性，而高收入男性则喜欢年轻女人。”

这项最新调查结果也对女强人的行为方式男性化这一传统观念提出了强烈质疑。

研究结果发表在最新一期《进化心理学》期刊网络版上。

1 dubbed   

v.给…起绰号( dub的过去式和过去分词 )；把…称为；配音；复制

参考例句：

• Mathematics was once dubbed the handmaiden of the sciences. 数学曾一度被视为各门科学的基础。
• Is the movie dubbed or does it have subtitles? 这部电影是配音的还是打字幕的？ 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

3 instinctive   

adj.(出于)本能的；直觉的；(出于)天性的

参考例句：

• He tried to conceal his instinctive revulsion at the idea.他试图饰盖自己对这一想法本能的厌恶。
• Animals have an instinctive fear of fire.动物本能地怕火。

4 criteria   

n.标准

参考例句：

• The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。
• There are strict criteria for inclusion in the competition.参赛的标准很严格。

5 prospects   

n.希望，前途(恒为复数)

参考例句：

• There is a mood of pessimism in the company about future job prospects. 公司中有一种对工作前景悲观的情绪。
• They are less sanguine about the company's long-term prospects. 他们对公司的远景不那么乐观。

6 stereotype   

n.固定的形象，陈规，老套，旧框框

参考例句：

• He's my stereotype of a schoolteacher.他是我心目中的典型教师。
• There's always been a stereotype about successful businessmen.人们对于成功商人一直都有一种固定印象。

7 evolutionary   

adj.进化的；演化的，演变的；[生]进化论的

参考例句：

• Life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
• These are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。

8 psychology   

n.心理，心理学，心理状态

参考例句：

• She has a background in child psychology.她受过儿童心理学的教育。
• He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。