职场拒绝“男人婆”：强势女人更难升职

 　　Women who want to succeed at work should resist the temptation to act like men, scientists have said.

　　科学家们认为，那些想获得事业成功的女性应该避免“男性化作风”。

　　Studies show that assertive¹ women are often less likely to get ahead than those who exhibit more feminine traits.

　　研究发现，强势的女人往往比那些有女人味的员工更难成功。

　　If however, they try to conform, promotion² comes their way.

　　但是如果她们能顺应人们的观念，做出改变，升职便不成问题。

　　The findings, which will dismay feminists³, suggest that the best way for a woman to succeed in a man's world is to act like a lady.

　　以上研究结果表明，女性在男人世界里获得成功的最佳途径是“表现得像个女人”。这一发现一定会让女权主义者大为失望。

　　Past research has shown that women oozing⁴ with self-confidence, assertiveness⁵ and other characteristics linked with successful management can be sidelined at work in favour of meeker⁶ types.

　　以往的研究显示，充满自信的、有主见的、具有成功领导者品质的女性往往在那些喜欢温顺女性的工作中遭受排挤。

　　It is thought that while such traits are highly-prized in men, go-getting women are penalised for not being feminine enough.

　　人们普遍认为，对于男性员工来说，以上品质很重要，但是如果一个女人有野心的话，她会因为不够女性化而吃亏。

　　Instead of being seen as strong bosses, feisty women are perceived as being less likeable.

　　争强好胜的女人不会被看作是能力强的老板，不仅如此，人们还觉得她们不招人喜欢。

　　In one US study into the so-called 'backlash effect', volunteers were given a selection of CVs from university students applying for summer job at a bank.

　　在美国的一项关于“抵制效应”的研究中，研究人员给志愿者一些挑选出来的大学生简历，这些学生应聘的是某银行的暑期实习生岗位。

　　A woman applicant⁷ who attempted to negotiate extras such as help towards their transport or living costs was three and a half times less likely to get a job offer than a similarly pushy⁸ male.

　　如果一个女性申请者试图争取一些诸如交通费和生活费的补助，那么她得到该工作的可能性要比跟她一样争取补助的男性申请者小3.5倍。

　　In fact, the pushy women were the least likely of the lot to get taken on.

　　事实上，这种强势的女人是所有人中最不可能被录用的。

　　The latest study set out to explore what women who are naturally assertive can do to get ahead in the workplace.

　　这项最新的调查旨在探究天生强势的女人如何在工作中获得成功。

　　Eighty young men and women completed questionnaires about their personality and while doing master's degree in business administration in America.

　　80名年轻男性和女性于在美国攻读MBA期间填写了关于他们个性特征的问卷。

　　Around eight years later, the researchers got back in touch with them to find out how their careers were going.

　　约8年后，研究人员与这些人取得了联系，询问他们的职业发展情况。

　　Some had been promoted five times, others just once or twice, a journal published by the British Psychological Society reports.

　　一本由英国心理学会出版的期刊报告说，这些人中有的人已经获得五次升职，而其他人则只有一两次。

　　The results revealed that 'macho' women who were true to themselves had been promoted less than more feminine sorts.

　　研究结果显示，我行我素的“男人婆”要比那些更女性化的女人升职次数少。

　　But the bossy⁹ women who made a conscious effort to not appear to threatening by 'self-monitoring' their behaviour had done better than those who had carried on regardless.

　　而有的女人虽然专横，却能有意控制自己的行为，使自己看起来没什么杀气。这些女人要比那些不顾外界看法的“男人婆”更成功。

　　Vocabulary:

　　1. ooze¹⁰: if somebody/something oozes¹¹ a particular characteristic, quality, etc., they show it strongly 洋溢着，充满（特质、气质等）

　　2. sideline: to prevent somebody from having an important part in something that other people are doing（把……排除在核心之外；使靠边）

　　3. penalise: to put somebody at a disadvantage by treating them unfairly（置于不利地位；不公正地对待）

　　4. feisty: (of people) strong, determined¹² and not afraid of arguing with people（人）坚决而据理力争的

　　5. backlash: a strong negative reaction by a large number of people, for example to something that has recently changed in society （对社会变动等的）强烈抵制，集体反对

　　6. CV: 履历，简历（全写为 curriculum vitae）

　　7. pushy: trying hard to get what you want, especially in a way that seems rude（执意强求的）

　　8. true to oneself: 坚持自已的原则

　　9. bossy: always telling people what to do（好指挥人的；专横的）

1 assertive   

adj.果断的，自信的，有冲劲的

参考例句：

• She always speaks an assertive tone.她总是以果断的语气说话。
• China appears to have become more assertive in the waters off its coastline over recent years.在近些年，中国显示出对远方海洋的自信。

2 promotion   

n.提升，晋级；促销，宣传

参考例句：

• The teacher conferred with the principal about Dick's promotion.教师与校长商谈了迪克的升级问题。
• The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary.那个职员升了级，加了薪。

3 feminists   

n.男女平等主义者，女权扩张论者( feminist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Only 16 percent of young women in a 1990 survey considered themselves feminists. 在1990年的一项调查中，只有16%的年轻女性认为自己是女权主义者。 来自辞典例句
• The organization had many enemies, most notably among feminists. 这个组织有许多敌人，特别是在男女平等主义者中。 来自辞典例句

4 oozing   

v.（浓液等）慢慢地冒出，渗出( ooze的现在分词 )；使（液体）缓缓流出；（浓液）渗出，慢慢流出

参考例句：

• Blood was oozing out of the wound on his leg. 血正从他腿上的伤口渗出来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The wound had not healed properly and was oozing pus. 伤口未真正痊瘉，还在流脓。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 assertiveness   

n.过分自信

参考例句：

• Her assertiveness was starting to be seen as arrogance. 她的自信已开始被认为是自负了。
• Role playing is an important element in assertiveness training. 在果敢自信训练班上，角色扮演是个重要内容。

6 meeker   

adj.温顺的，驯服的( meek的比较级 )

参考例句：

• I know about Greg Meeker and his pathetic little scam. 我了解格雷格·米克和他的可怜的小骗局。 来自电影对白

7 applicant   

n.申请人，求职者，请求者

参考例句：

• He was the hundredth applicant for the job. 他是第100个申请这项工作的人。
• In my estimation, the applicant is well qualified for this job. 据我看, 这位应征者完全具备这项工作的条件。

8 pushy   

adj.固执己见的，一意孤行的

参考例句：

• But she insisted and was very pushy.但她一直坚持,而且很急于求成。
• He made himself unpopular by being so pushy.他特别喜欢出风头，所以人缘不好。

9 bossy   

adj.爱发号施令的，作威作福的

参考例句：

• She turned me off with her bossy manner.她态度专橫很讨我嫌。
• She moved out because her mother-in-law is too bossy.她的婆婆爱指使人,所以她搬出去住了。

10 ooze   

n.软泥，渗出物；vi.渗出，泄漏；vt.慢慢渗出，流露

参考例句：

• Soon layer of oceanic ooze began to accumulate above the old hard layer.不久后海洋软泥层开始在老的硬地层上堆积。
• Drip or ooze systems are common for pot watering.滴灌和渗灌系统一般也用于盆栽灌水。

11 oozes   

v.（浓液等）慢慢地冒出，渗出( ooze的第三人称单数 )；使（液体）缓缓流出；（浓液）渗出，慢慢流出

参考例句：

• The spring oozes out of a rock. 泉水从岩石中渗出。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Blood oozes from a wound. 血从伤口渗出。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

12 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。