International Co-operative Day（国际合作节）

    -In 1921, at the International Co-operative Congress of World Co-op Leaders wanted to identify and define the growing co-operative movement's common values and ideals to help unite co-ops around the world. They decided¹ to hold a special event to celebrate the movement's growing diversity.
    In Essen, Germany in 1922, ICA （国际合作联盟）leaders made plans for the very first international "Co-operators' Day" which was held in July 1923. Since then, on the first Saturday every July, International Co-operative Day has been celebrated². The day is a chance for co-op members and supporters to work together and promote the co-op movement's successes and ideals of international solidarity（团结）, economic efficiency, equality, and world peace. To celebrate the Centennial（百年纪念）of the International Co-operative Alliance, the United Nations declared in 1995 that the first Saturday of July to be celebrated as the United Nations International Day of Co-operatives and requested all member governments to join with their co-operative movements to celebrate the day.
    Over several years various national movements were trying to register the Rainbow Flag as a trade mark, seeking ICA help in finding out arguments to prove that the flag is a distinctive（与众不同的、有特色的）symbol, reserved to the co-op movement. For us, co-operators it is, but in fact, it has never been registered as the ICA symbol.
    After the Basel Congress in 1921, which was the first congress to be held after an interruption of eight years caused by the Great World War and facing the new challenges in Europe, the ICA Executive Committee decided to devote some time to Co-operative Propaganda. The membership had grown dramatically, thus, the idea was to find a point of rally（集合、集会） which would give an identity to movements scattered（分散） from Japan to Canada.
    The political map, and most singularly（特别地，异常地）Europe's political map, changed to such an extension that it become urgent to find some common denominator（共同特性）for all the different co-operative traditions. At the same time the established co-operatives suffered attacks from fascist³ and communistparties both of which claimed "property rights" on co-op doctrine（主义、学说）and incidentally on co-op assets.
    In these troubled times, the ICA President, G.J.D.C. Goedhart, questioned himself on the causes which hinder the development of the co-op movement. He detected three: lack of information among the general public, lack of knowledge among members and finally lack of ideological⁴ commitment among managers.
    "What can be done to remedy （治疗、矫正）these evils? The best means seems to be by general propaganda which must bring to the minds and hearts of outsiders, as in a flash, vivid pictures of the Co-operative Movement, the ideals for which it stands, the real significance of its aims, and how it must necessary give us a much better human society than that in which we live."And already in 1922 the best support for publicity⁵ appeared to him to be a film. However, since not many societies could have supported such a financial investment, he suggested children's books, lantern slides （幻灯片）and other means of visual propaganda such as exhibitions.
    "Arrangements should also be made to hold a "Propaganda Day" or "Evening" in every country, town and village on the same day in order to draw the attention of the universe to what we are doing, and also to the whole world"A special "Co-operators' Day" is necessary for this purpose. You are, therefore, called upon to rally to the Standard of "Each for all, all for each" in a great International Demonstration⁶ on the First Saturday in July next, when the first organized attempt will be made to "broadcast" our rejoicings（欢庆）, our ideals, our successes, and our determination to pursue them to their ultimate goal.

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

3 fascist   

adj.法西斯主义的；法西斯党的；n.法西斯主义者，法西斯分子

参考例句：

• The strikers were roughed up by the fascist cops.罢工工人遭到法西斯警察的殴打。
• They succeeded in overthrowing the fascist dictatorship.他们成功推翻了法西斯独裁统治。

4 ideological   

a.意识形态的

参考例句：

• He always tries to link his study with his ideological problems. 他总是把学习和自己的思想问题联系起来。
• He helped me enormously with advice on how to do ideological work. 他告诉我怎样做思想工作，对我有很大帮助。

5 publicity   

n.众所周知，闻名；宣传，广告

参考例句：

• The singer star's marriage got a lot of publicity.这位歌星的婚事引起了公众的关注。
• He dismissed the event as just a publicity gimmick.他不理会这件事，只当它是一种宣传手法。

6 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。