原来孤独真的会损害健康

 　　原来孤独真的会损害健康

New research suggests that there is a direct biological link between being lonely and ill health, the LiveScience website reported.

　　John Cacioppo of University of Chicago has found that loneliness is tied to hardening of the arteries¹, inflammation in the body, and even problems with learning and memory.

　　In one study, Cacioppo and Steve Cole of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA) observed a change in the immune system of socially isolated² people.

　　"What we see is a consistent pattern where it looks like human immune cells are programmed with a defensive³ strategy that gets activated⁴ in lonely people," Cole said. The result is that a lonely person's body has let its defenses down to viral and other invaders⁵.

　　In addition, loneliness can destroy the quality of sleep, so that a person's sleep is less restorative, both physically⁶ and psychologically.

　　据“热点科学”网报道，一项新研究显示，孤独和不良的健康之间存在直接的生理联系。

　　来自芝加哥大学的约翰·卡乔波发现，孤独可引起动脉硬化、身体发炎，甚至产生学习和记忆问题。

　　在一项研究中，卡乔波和加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校的史蒂夫·科尔观察到社会孤立人士免疫系统产生的变化。

　　科尔说：“我们观察到一种稳定的特征：貌似孤独人士的人体免疫细胞受控于一种激活的防御策略。”这导致孤独人士身体降低了对病毒性等入侵物的防御。

　　另外，孤独还可降低睡眠质量，导致身心恢复功能减弱。

1 arteries   

n.动脉( artery的名词复数 )；干线，要道

参考例句：

• Even grafting new blood vessels in place of the diseased coronary arteries has been tried. 甚至移植新血管代替不健康的冠状动脉的方法都已经试过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• This is the place where the three main arteries of West London traffic met. 这就是伦敦西部三条主要交通干线的交汇处。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 isolated   

adj.与世隔绝的

参考例句：

• His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
• Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。

3 defensive   

adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的

参考例句：

• Their questions about the money put her on the defensive.他们问到钱的问题，使她警觉起来。
• The Government hastily organized defensive measures against the raids.政府急忙布置了防卫措施抵御空袭。

4 activated   

adj. 激活的 动词activate的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• The canister is filled with activated charcoal.蒸气回收罐中充满了活性炭。

5 invaders   

入侵者，侵略者，侵入物( invader的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They prepared to repel the invaders. 他们准备赶走侵略军。
• The family has traced its ancestry to the Norman invaders. 这个家族将自己的世系追溯到诺曼征服者。

6 physically   

adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律

参考例句：

• He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服，心绪也很乱。
• Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。