关于冰淇淋你不知道的6个冷知识

 　　当你手拿冰淇淋筒，舀出一勺冰淇淋，放进口中，享受着这甜蜜一瞬，你一定会说“对于冰淇淋我无所不知”，然而，对于冰淇淋，有一些语言学方面的问题，或许你未曾留意。唉，我们不怪你——这才有科普的必要嘛~

　　关于冰淇淋你不知道的6个冷知识

　　1. Sundae

　　新地

　　The similarity between sundae and Sunday possibly isn’t coincidental. While the origin is not known for certain, it has been suggested that sundae is an alteration¹ of Sunday, either because the dish was made with ice cream left over from Sunday and sold cheaply on the Monday, or because it was sold only on Sundays, a practice devised to circumvent² restrictions³ concerning trading on Sundays.

　　“新地（sandae）”与“星期日（Sunday）”这两个词之间的相似性可能并非偶然。虽然人们对它们之间的关联性并不确定，但是据人们猜测，新地（sandae）可能是星期日（Sunday）这个词的一种变体拼写方式，之所以创造这个变体词，可能是由于这道甜点是用周日没有卖完的冰淇淋加工后在周一廉价售出的，抑或是因为这道甜点只在周日贩售，在过去对周日的商业行为有所限制的时候，人们用这种方法和有关规定打擦边球。

　　2. ? la mode

　　搭配冰淇淋（法语词）

　　French scholars will know that à la mode means ‘in the fashion’. For Americans, or those ordering desserts in America, it has another meaning: ‘served with ice cream’. There is no obvious relationship between the French meaning and its ice cream context; in early use, especially, it was chiefly found in the phrase apple pie à la mode, so it seems possible that apple pie was served in this fashion as a special and the name caught on.

　　研究法语的学者知道， à la mode的意思是“流行”，然而对美国人或者那些在美国餐厅里点了甜食的外国人来说，这个词还有另一个意思：“搭配冰淇淋”。这个法语词的原意与美国人用以指冰淇淋的特殊语用二者之间没有明显的因果关联性；在早先时候，这个词主要是运用在“苹果派搭配冰淇淋（apple pie à la mode）”这个短语之中，由此看来，这个词是指苹果派搭配冰淇淋是一种特殊的新潮吃法。从此这个名字就流传开了。

　　3. Halo-halo

　　哈啰哈啰

　　In the Philippines, you would call a ‘dessert made of mixed fruits, sweet beans, milk, and shaved ice, typically topped with purple yam, crème caramel, and ice cream’ a halo-halo, a reduplication of halo, which is both a verb meaning ‘to mix’ and a noun meaning ‘mixture’. To round out the parts of speech, halo-halo can be an adjective meaning ‘mixed’.

　　在菲律宾你可以吃到一道特殊的甜点，里面有“多种果肉，甜豆，牛奶，碎冰，最有特点的是顶上缀有紫薯，焦糖布丁和冰淇淋”。哈啰哈啰，即“halo”的叠词，halo是一个动词，意为“搅拌”，作为名词的意思是“什锦”。

　　4. Ninety-nine

　　九十九

　　It sounds like a lot of ice cream to eat, but in Britain it’s only one: a ninety-nine (or 99) is an ice-cream cone⁴ made with soft ice cream with a stick of flaky chocolate inserted into it, and a favourite for those who haunt ice cream vans. 99 is a proprietary⁵ name in the UK, and the ice cream has been produced by Cadbury’s since at least 1935, but nobody knows the origin of the name.

　　这个词让人感觉好像有一大堆冰淇淋等着你去吃，事实上，在英国，这种冰淇淋只有一个球：一份“九十九（99）”冰淇淋是指一个冰淇淋甜筒，上面插上巧克力碎末。对那些追逐冰淇淋车的人来说，这款冰淇淋是他们的最爱。九十九在英国是一个专利商品名，吉百利公司从1935年（甚至更早）就开始生产这种冰淇淋，可是没有人知道这个名称的起源。

　　5. Slider

　　滑溜溜

　　As far back as 1915, ‘ice-cream served in a sandwich form between two wafers’ was colloquially⁶ known as a slider; whether because the ice cream had slid between wafers or because it slid along surfaces is unknown.

　　早在1915年的时候，“以三明治的形式夹在两块华夫饼之间的冰淇淋”被人们口头称为滑溜溜。这可能是由于冰淇淋“滑”进了两块华夫饼之间，或者冰淇淋会在两块华夫饼的表面上滑动，究竟原因为何尚不可知

　　。

　　6. Knickerbocker Glory

　　超级缤纷圣代

　　This curiously-named dessert (consisting of ice cream, served with fruit, cream, and other sweet ingredients in a tall glass) has an uncertain etymology⁷, but may relate to the name Diedrich Knickerbocker, the pseudonym⁸ used by Washington Irving for A History of New York in 1809.

　　这款名字滑稽——直译为尼克博克的荣耀——的甜点（即装在高脚杯里的冰淇淋，加上水果，奶油和其他甜食配料）的词源不可考，不过据推测，这个名字可能与一个叫做迪特里希·尼克博克的人有关，华盛顿·欧文在《纽约史》（1809）一书中曾以这个笔名署名。

1 alteration   

n.变更，改变；蚀变

参考例句：

• The shirt needs alteration.这件衬衣需要改一改。
• He easily perceived there was an alteration in my countenance.他立刻看出我的脸色和往常有些不同。

2 circumvent   

vt.环绕，包围；对…用计取胜，智胜

参考例句：

• Military planners tried to circumvent the treaty.军事策略家们企图绕开这一条约。
• Any action I took to circumvent his scheme was justified.我为斗赢他的如意算盘而采取的任何行动都是正当的。

3 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

4 cone   

n.圆锥体，圆锥形东西，球果

参考例句：

• Saw-dust piled up in a great cone.锯屑堆积如山。
• The police have sectioned off part of the road with traffic cone.警察用锥形路标把部分路面分隔开来。

5 proprietary   

n.所有权，所有的；独占的；业主

参考例句：

• We had to take action to protect the proprietary technology.我们必须采取措施保护专利技术。
• Proprietary right is the foundation of jus rerem.所有权是物权法之根基。

6 colloquially   

adv.用白话，用通俗语

参考例句：

• For some little time the Jurymen hang about the Sol's Ams colloquially. 那些陪审员在太阳徽酒店里呆着，东拉西扯地谈了一会儿。 来自辞典例句
• This building is colloquially referred to as the barn. 这个建筑，用通俗的话来说就是一个谷仓。 来自互联网

7 etymology   

n.语源；字源学

参考例句：

• The hippies' etymology is contentious.关于嬉皮士的语源是有争议的。
• The origin of OK became the Holy Grail of etymology.OK的出典成了词源学梦寐以求的圣杯。

8 pseudonym   

n.假名，笔名

参考例句：

• Eric Blair wrote under the pseudonym of George Orwell.埃里克·布莱尔用乔治·奧威尔这个笔名写作。
• Both plays were published under the pseudonym of Philip Dayre.两个剧本都是以菲利普·戴尔的笔名出版的。