工作场景移步换景，室外职业可实现

　　Do you love being out in the fresh air all the time? Does the idea of being stuck inside at work for at least eight hours a day make you want to cry? Some people aren't cut out for office work or other jobs that would force them to spend all their time, or at least much of it, indoors. If you are one of them, these outdoor jobs may be for you. Beware though: working outside means being exposed to inclement¹ weather or other bad conditions at times.

　　你非常喜欢享受在户外呼吸新鲜空气的时刻吗？如果让你留在办公室里工作至少8个小时，你会不会听到就想哭？有些人无法从办公室，或其他迫使他们长期待在室内的工作中抽离出来。如果你是其中一员，那么下面介绍的室外职业就是为你而设的。请清楚明白：在室外工作意味着时不时会遇到恶劣的天气或其他不良状况。

　　Mason

　　石匠技师

　　Masons use concrete blocks, bricks or natural stones to build structures like walkways, walls and fences. You can train for this occupation by doing an apprenticeship² sponsored by a local union or contractor³ association. This combines practical and classroom training.

　　石匠技师们利用混凝土砖，石砖或天然石材建造诸如走道，墙壁和栅栏等的构筑物。你可以通过本地工会或承包机构的资助修炼这一门职业的学徒技能。此项职业需要实际操作与课堂培训。

　　Agricultural Manager

　　农业管理员

　　Agricultural managers oversee⁴ the operation of farms, ranches⁵, nurseries and similar businesses. They supervise workers who tend to daily tasks. Although a lot of their time is spent outdoors, agricultural managers also work in offices where they plan budgets, keep records, arrange for maintenance of equipment and purchase supplies. Training often takes place on the job but some individuals earn college degrees in agriculture.

　　农业管理员监督农场，牧场，苗圃以及类似业务的运作。他们也管理照料日常事务的员工。虽然他们大多数的时间都在室外，但是他们也会在办公室里处理计划预算，存档备案，安排设备维护以及购买储备物品等事宜。该项职业一般寓培训于工作，不过某些独立的个人也会通过考取农业方面相关的大学文凭获得知识。

　　EMT and Paramedic

　　紧急医师与紧急救护员

　　EMTs and paramedics spend their days traveling in an ambulance to treat patients who are injured or have suddenly become ill. They must work wherever the event has occurred, which may be in someone's home, but could be on the side of a busy highway or somewhere else outdoors.To become an EMT you will have to do postsecondary training at a community college or technical institute and then become licensed⁶ by the state in which you want to work. You will need to earn an associate degree if you decide to become a paramedic.

　　紧急医师和紧急救护员们在救护车上度过他们的每一天，照料每一位受伤或突然发病的患者。他们必须在事件发生的第一时间待命，有可能在某个人的家里，也有可能是繁忙的高速公路上或其他室外的场所。想要成为一名紧急医师，你必须接受专科学院或技术院校的高等教育才能获得相关的从业资格证。如果你想成为一名紧急救护员，你需要获得一个修满相关课程的肄业证书。

　　Glazier

　　玻璃工匠

　　Glaziers cut, fit, install and repair glass in residential⁷ and commercial buildings. They often work outdoors, standing⁸ on scaffolds and ladders as they install windows and glass plates on buildings. This requires them to be strong and have good balance. Typically you can train for this occupation by becoming an apprenticeglazier.

　　玻璃工匠门负责玻璃的切割，嵌套，安装，以及住宅区以及商业大厦的玻璃修复工作。他们常常在室外作业，站在脚手架和梯子上安装窗户和玻璃板。这项工作要求他们拥有强壮的体魄和很好的平衡感。通常你可以通过成为学徒玻璃工匠参与这项职业的培训。

　　Conservationist

　　自然资源保护者

　　Conservationists, also called soil and water conservationists or conservation scientists, look for ways to use natural resources that do not harm the environment. While they spend some time in offices, they must also work outdoors where they are exposed to inclement weather, poisonous plants and stinging or biting insects. If you want to work in this field you will have to get a bachelor's degree in environmental science, biology, forestry⁹, agronomy¹⁰ or agricultural science.

　　自然资源保护者，也被称为水土资源保护者或环境保护科学家，致力于寻找利用自然资源的而不损害环境的方法。虽然他们偶尔在办公室里工作，但他们还必须在那些遭受恶劣天气侵袭，接触有毒植物以及蚊虫叮咬的户外环境工作。如果你想在这个领域里工作，你需要获得环境科学，生物学，森林学，农学或农业科学等专业相关的学士文凭。

　　Construction or Building Inspector¹¹

　　施工检查员或建筑检验员

　　Construction and building inspectors¹² make sure that new and existing construction meets state’s and local codes, zoning regulations and ordinances¹³. They inspect houses, office buildings, roads, bridges, tunnels and dams. Many of their tasks demand being at worksites, but some involve tending to tasks in an office. You can often work as an inspector if you have work experience in the construction trades. If you don't have this type of background, you may be able to enter this field after taking courses in architecture or engineering or getting an associate degree with courses in building inspection¹⁴ and construction technology.

　　施工检查员或建筑检查员得确保新建的，以及现有的建筑必须达到国家或地方法规，土地规划规定和法令的要求。他们巡视检查房屋，办公大楼，道路，桥梁，隧道以及大坝的建设。他们的主要任务要求他们必须深入建筑工地，不过也有一些别的任务需要他们在办公室里处理。如果你有相关施工工种的工作经验，你就可以成为一名检验员。如果你并没有相关的背景知识，你也可以通过参与建筑学或工程学的相关课程，或获得建筑检查和建筑工艺学方面的肄业证书，从而加入这个行列。

　　HVAC Technician

　　空调技师

　　HVAC technicians install, maintain or repair heating and cooling systems. Some people who work in this occupation specialize in one or the other, and in either installing, maintaining or repairing it. Work usually keeps HVAC technicians indoors, but some jobs take them outdoors where they may have to work in bad weather. If you want to become an HVAC technician, find an apprenticeship through a local union.

　　空调技师的职责包括安装和维修暖气和制冷系统。有些在这领域工作的人会专门研究其中一个方面，要么具有纯熟的安装技术，要么具备特别的维护要领，要么独具修理的本事。通常空调技师在室内作业，不过有些工作也会需要他们在室外作业，有时候还会遭遇恶劣的天气。如果你想成为一名空调技师，那就在本地工会寻找相关的学徒机会吧。

　　Television News Reporter

　　电视新闻播报员

　　Television news reporters investigate and report stories to viewers. Their work includes conducting interviews and observing events outdoors where they are frequently exposed to inclement weather. It is likely you will need to earn a bachelor's degree in journalism¹⁵ or mass communication if you want to work as a TV reporter but some employers might hire you if you have a degree in another subject.

　　电视新闻播报员负责调查并向观众报道新闻内容。他们的工作包括安排新闻方案，以及在室外调查事件，因此也会常常受到恶劣天气的打击。如果你想成为一名电视播报员你很有可能需要在新闻专业或大众传媒专业上获得相关的学士文凭，不过也有一些雇主也会因为你在别的专业的文凭而雇用你。

　　Hydrologist

　　水文工程师

　　Hydrologists, who are experts in the earth's most basic resource, water, solve problems including flooding and drought. Their work takes them outdoors where they must wade¹⁶ into lakes andrivers to collect samples. They also spend some time in offices analyzing¹⁷ data on computers. While you might be able to find work as a hydrologist with a bachelor's degree, your chances are much better if you earn a master's degree in environmental science, engineering or geoscience, with a concentration in hydrology.

　　水文工程师，专注于研究地球最基本的资源，水资源，解决水旱灾害等问题。他们的工作性质要求他们在室外工作，因此他们必须跋涉于河流湖泊之间收集水源样本。他们还得花时间在办公室使用电脑分析数据。你可以通过学士文凭获得一份水文工程师的职业，不过如果你获得环境科学，工程学或地理科学等专业的硕士文凭，并且专攻水文科学，那么你成为水文工程师的机会就更大。

　　Assessor

　　评税主任

　　Assessors analyze¹⁸ the values of groups of homes for the purpose of determining how much property tax owners have to pay. To evaluate properties, they conduct site visits. A lot of time is spent in the office as well. Educational requirements are typically set by state assessor boards or by individual municipalities if a state board does not exist.

　　评税主任负责分析房屋的价值，从而确定财产税所有者需要支付的税款额度。为了评估所有者的财产，他们需要进行实地调研。他们也会花很多时间在办公室里处理业务。职业的教育背景要求通常由当地的评估理事会设定，或者在没有理事会的情况下则由市政当局决定。

1 inclement   

adj.严酷的，严厉的，恶劣的

参考例句：

• The inclement weather brought forth a host of diseases.恶劣的天气引起了种种疾病。
• They kept on going,even through the inclement weather.即使天气恶劣，他们还是执意要去。

2 apprenticeship   

n.学徒身份；学徒期

参考例句：

• She was in the second year of her apprenticeship as a carpenter. 她当木工学徒已是第二年了。
• He served his apprenticeship with Bob. 他跟鲍勃当学徒。

3 contractor   

n.订约人，承包人，收缩肌

参考例句：

• The Tokyo contractor was asked to kick $ 6000 back as commission.那个东京的承包商被要求退还6000美元作为佣金。
• The style of house the contractor builds depends partly on the lay of the land.承包商所建房屋的式样，有几分要看地势而定。

4 oversee   

vt.监督，管理

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts.士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作。

5 ranches   

大农场， （兼种果树，养鸡等的）大牧场( ranch的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They hauled feedlot manure from the ranches to fertilize their fields. 他们从牧场的饲养场拖走肥料去肥田。
• Many abandoned ranches are purchased or leased by other poultrymen. 许多被放弃的牧场会由其他家禽监主收买或租用。

6 licensed   

adj.得到许可的v.许可，颁发执照(license的过去式和过去分词)

参考例句：

• The new drug has not yet been licensed in the US. 这种新药尚未在美国获得许可。
• Is that gun licensed? 那支枪有持枪执照吗？

7 residential   

adj.提供住宿的；居住的；住宅的

参考例句：

• The mayor inspected the residential section of the city.市长视察了该市的住宅区。
• The residential blocks were integrated with the rest of the college.住宿区与学院其他部分结合在了一起。

8 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

9 forestry   

n.森林学；林业

参考例句：

• At present, the Chinese forestry is being at a significant transforming period. 当前, 我国的林业正处于一个重大的转折时期。
• Anhua is one of the key forestry counties in Hunan province. 安化县是湖南省重点林区县之一。

10 agronomy   

n.农业经济学

参考例句：

• The science of agronomy helps farmers obtain larger and better crops.农业经济学帮助农民获得更多更好的农作物。
• Heavy agronomy clique and Si Mi order of believe in nature.重农学派和斯密都信奉自然秩序。

11 inspector   

n.检查员，监察员，视察员

参考例句：

• The inspector was interested in everything pertaining to the school.视察员对有关学校的一切都感兴趣。
• The inspector was shining a flashlight onto the tickets.查票员打着手电筒查看车票。

12 inspectors   

n.检查员( inspector的名词复数 )；（英国公共汽车或火车上的）查票员；（警察）巡官；检阅官

参考例句：

• They got into the school in the guise of inspectors. 他们假装成视察员进了学校。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Inspectors checked that there was adequate ventilation. 检查员已检查过，通风良好。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 ordinances   

n.条例，法令( ordinance的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• These points of view, however, had not been generally accepted in building ordinances. 然而，这些观点仍未普遍地为其他的建筑条例而接受。 来自辞典例句
• Great are Your mercies, O Lord; Revive me according to Your ordinances. 诗119:156耶和华阿、你的慈悲本为大．求你照你的典章将我救活。 来自互联网

14 inspection   

n.检查，审查，检阅

参考例句：

• On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。
• The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers.士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。

15 journalism   

n.新闻工作，报业

参考例句：

• He's a teacher but he does some journalism on the side.他是教师，可还兼职做一些新闻工作。
• He had an aptitude for journalism.他有从事新闻工作的才能。

16 wade   

v.跋涉，涉水；n.跋涉

参考例句：

• We had to wade through the river to the opposite bank.我们只好涉水过河到对岸。
• We cannot but wade across the river.我们只好趟水过去。

17 analyzing   

v.分析；分析( analyze的现在分词 )；分解；解释；对…进行心理分析n.分析

参考例句：

• Analyzing the date of some socialist countries presents even greater problem s. 分析某些社会主义国家的统计数据，暴露出的问题甚至更大。 来自辞典例句
• He undoubtedly was not far off the mark in analyzing its predictions. 当然，他对其预测所作的分析倒也八九不离十。 来自辞典例句

18 analyze   

vt.分析，解析 (=analyse)

参考例句：

• We should analyze the cause and effect of this event.我们应该分析这场事变的因果。
• The teacher tried to analyze the cause of our failure.老师设法分析我们失败的原因。