研究：有权有势的人都是大吃货

 　　克特纳称他的一个研究生注意到了一种出人意料的现象：权利意识和糟糕的餐桌礼仪之间有着明显的联系。“他走过来，对我说，‘我觉得，当人们掌握权力的时候，他们饮食的方式会发生变化。’”克特纳在视频里说，“你瞧，那些手握重权的人吃饭时往往是大张着嘴，咂着嘴唇，食物残杂如雨一般落到他们的衣服上。一副滑稽模样。”

　　A snazzy new video from the folks at U.C. Berkeley’s Greater Good Science Center gives a brief overview¹ of their research on the unexpected consequences of feeling powerful. Their studies have shown, for example, that even when you give people a teensy bit of (mostly pretend) power, they tend to act in ways that are more impulsive² and more selfish.

　　一段由伯克利加州大学善科学中心制作的新演讲视频展示了该中心对人的权利意识导致的意外后果的相关研究。他们的诸多研究成果中包括如下一条：如果你赋予某人一丁点（几乎只是假装的）权利，他们很可能表现得比以往更为强势或自私。

　　Dacher Keltner, a U.C. Berkeley psychologist, describes what he’s come to call their Cookie Monster study: He and his team divided study participants into groups of three, randomly³ assigning one person to act as the leader. The researchers gave the trios a relatively⁴ boring task and made them work on that for a little while, and then brought in a plate of four cookies. Each participant took one, and they left the fourth for a little while, but in most groups, the leader eventually grabbed the last cookie for themselves.

　　伯克利大学的心理学专家、达契尔·克特纳对他自称为“蓝色甜怪饼”研究的项目成果是这样介绍的：他和他的研究团队将研究参与者分为三人一组的各个团队，在各个团队中随机选出一名领导者。研究者们对每队三人组合分配一项稍嫌繁琐的任务，让各组花时间共同完成这一任务，然后给每组端上一盘四块饼干。每个成员都取一块饼干，将第四块饼干弃置在盘里，稍过片刻，然而，在大多数团队中，最终都是领导者拿去最后一块饼干自己吃掉了。

　　小编注：“蓝色甜怪饼”是是美国公共广播协会制作播出的儿童教育电视节目《芝麻街》中的一个卡通角色。

　　But Keltner says that one of his grad students noticed something they weren’t exactly expecting: an apparent correlation⁵ between perceived power and terrible table manners. "He came to me and he’s like, I think people are eating differently when they have power," Keltner says in the video. "And, lo and behold⁶, our high-power person is more likely to eat with their mouth open, lips smacking⁷, crumbs⁸ literally⁹ like falling onto their sweater. It’s ridiculous."

　　不过，克特纳称他的一个研究生注意到了一种出人意料的现象：权利意识和糟糕的餐桌礼仪之间有着明显的联系。“他走过来，对我说，‘我觉得，当人们掌握权力的时候，他们饮食的方式会发生变化。’”克特纳在视频里说，“你瞧，那些手握重权的人吃饭时往往是大张着嘴，咂着嘴唇，食物残杂如雨一般落到他们的衣服上。一副滑稽模样。”

1 overview   

n.概观，概述

参考例句：

• The opening chapter gives a brief historical overview of transport.第一章是运输史的简要回顾。
• The seminar aims to provide an overview on new media publishing.研讨会旨在综览新兴的媒体出版。

2 impulsive   

adj.冲动的，刺激的；有推动力的

参考例句：

• She is impulsive in her actions.她的行为常出于冲动。
• He was neither an impulsive nor an emotional man,but a very honest and sincere one.他不是个一冲动就鲁莽行事的人，也不多愁善感.他为人十分正直、诚恳。

3 randomly   

adv.随便地，未加计划地

参考例句：

• Within the hot gas chamber, molecules are moving randomly in all directions. 在灼热的气体燃烧室内，分子在各个方向上作无规运动。 来自辞典例句
• Transformed cells are loosely attached, rounded and randomly oriented. 转化细胞则不大贴壁、圆缩并呈杂乱分布。 来自辞典例句

4 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

5 correlation   

n.相互关系，相关，关连

参考例句：

• The second group of measurements had a high correlation with the first.第二组测量数据与第一组高度相关。
• A high correlation exists in America between education and economic position.教育和经济地位在美国有极密切的关系。

6 behold   

v.看，注视，看到

参考例句：

• The industry of these little ants is wonderful to behold.这些小蚂蚁辛勤劳动的样子看上去真令人惊叹。
• The sunrise at the seaside was quite a sight to behold.海滨日出真是个奇景。

7 smacking   

活泼的，发出响声的，精力充沛的

参考例句：

• He gave both of the children a good smacking. 他把两个孩子都狠揍了一顿。
• She inclined her cheek,and John gave it a smacking kiss. 她把头低下，约翰在她的脸上响亮的一吻。

8 crumbs   

int. (表示惊讶)哎呀 n. 碎屑 名词crumb的复数形式

参考例句：

• She stood up and brushed the crumbs from her sweater. 她站起身掸掉了毛衣上的面包屑。
• Oh crumbs! Is that the time? 啊，天哪！都这会儿啦？

9 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。