红色的商标看起来不环保？

 When shoppers enter a store, they form an opinion on the environment and products within the first 90 seconds, and more than half of their opinion is based on the color scheme.

走进一家店铺，消费者会在90秒内对环境和产品有一个大致印象，而这种印象一半以上是基于该产品的颜色主题。

A new study looked at how colors influence or biases¹ the way consumers make ethical² judgments³, specifically if they view a company as environmentally friendly.

一项新的调查研究颜色如何影响消费者的道德判断，尤其是他们是否认为该品牌环保友好。

Results indicated consumers considered companies with blue logos to be more eco-friendly, compared to those with red logos.

调查结果表明，相比红色的商标，消费者觉得蓝色的商标更加生态友好。

University of Oregon and University of Cincinnati gave shoppers a fictitious⁴ logo with a color of a known brand.

俄勒冈大学和辛辛那提大学的研究者给消费者一些已知品牌颜色的虚构商标。

红色的商标看起来不环保？

‘What we're finding is that color biases the way consumers make ethical judgments,’ Aparna said Sundar, a professor of marketing⁵ in the University of Oregon Lundquist College of Business.

俄勒冈大学朗德科斯特商学院营销学教授阿帕那·桑达说：“我们发现颜色影响了消费者的判断力”。

‘Of course green is one of those colors, but blue is also one of those colors that consumers associate with eco-friendliness⁶.’

“在消费者认为环保友好的颜色中，当然绿色是其中之一，另外蓝色也是一个。”

It only took one unfamiliar⁷ logo for researchers to discover shoppers consider retailers⁹ using Walmart’s blue or Sam’s green in their logos to be more eco-friendly than those using Trader Joe’s red.

研究者只需一个消费者不熟悉的商标，便能发现顾客觉得沃尔玛使用的蓝色或山姆的绿色标志要比乔之店的红色更加环保友好。

‘Interestingly, blue is 'greener' than green in terms of conveying an impression of eco-friendliness, despite the frequent use of the word green to convey that idea,’ said co-author James Kellaris of the University of Cincinnati's marketing department.

共同作者辛辛那提大学营销部詹姆士·凯拉瑞斯说：“有趣的是，在生态友好印象上，蓝色比绿色更‘绿色’，尽管我们总是用绿色来传达环保的概念。”

Once researchers established a set of eco-friendly colors, they also identified colors perceived to be environmentally unfriendly, such as Target's red.

研究者确定了一系列生态友好颜色，也列出那些对环境不友好的颜色，如乔治店红。

Sundar and Kellaris then developed additional studies to test whether the colors impacted perceptions of the retailer⁸'s environmental friendliness.

桑达和凯拉瑞斯随后研究了颜色是否影响零售商的环境友好性。

Participants were asked if they felts DAVY Grocery Store acted ethically¹⁰ in various morally ambiguous scenarios¹¹, such as spraying water on produce.

参与者被要求作答是否认为DAVY零售店有在道德上模棱两可的行为，如在产品上喷水。

The results indicated that seeing a more eco-friendly color in a logo influences consumer judgments, and ethically ambiguous business practices seemed more ethical.

结果表明，看起来更生态友好的颜色会影响消费者的判断，而那些道德上模棱两可的做法似乎也让消费者感觉更放心。

Follow-up studies found that shoppers were more critical of a retailer with an eco-friendly-colored logo when presented with a procedure that was definitely ethical or definitely unethical.

后续的研究发现，在看待一些道德或不道德的做法时，消费者对有环保颜色的商标的零售商更挑剔。

While individual differences still play a role in this observed effect of color, Sundar's research suggests that color used in a logo has far-reaching consequences on consumers' perceptions of retailers.

虽然在研究颜色的影响上，个体差异仍发挥着作用，但桑达的研究表明，商标中使用的颜色长久地影响着消费者对零售商的看法。

1 biases   

偏见( bias的名词复数 )； 偏爱； 特殊能力； 斜纹

参考例句：

• Stereotypes represent designer or researcher biases and assumptions, rather than factual data. 它代表设计师或者研究者的偏见和假设，而不是实际的数据。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
• The net effect of biases on international comparisons is easily summarized. 偏差对国际比较的基本影响容易概括。

2 ethical   

adj.伦理的，道德的，合乎道德的

参考例句：

• It is necessary to get the youth to have a high ethical concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。
• It was a debate which aroused fervent ethical arguments.那是一场引发强烈的伦理道德争论的辩论。

3 judgments   

判断( judgment的名词复数 )； 鉴定； 评价； 审判

参考例句：

• A peculiar austerity marked his judgments of modern life. 他对现代生活的批评带着一种特殊的苛刻。
• He is swift with his judgments. 他判断迅速。

4 fictitious   

adj.虚构的，假设的；空头的

参考例句：

• She invented a fictitious boyfriend to put him off.她虚构出一个男朋友来拒绝他。
• The story my mother told me when I was young is fictitious.小时候妈妈对我讲的那个故事是虚构的。

5 marketing   

n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西

参考例句：

• They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。
• He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。

6 friendliness   

n.友谊，亲切，亲密

参考例句：

• Behind the mask of friendliness,I know he really dislikes me.在友善的面具后面，我知道他其实并不喜欢我。
• His manner was a blend of friendliness and respect.他的态度友善且毕恭毕敬。

7 unfamiliar   

adj.陌生的，不熟悉的

参考例句：

• I am unfamiliar with the place and the people here.我在这儿人地生疏。
• The man seemed unfamiliar to me.这人很面生。

8 retailer   

n.零售商(人)

参考例句：

• What are the retailer requirements?零售商会有哪些要求呢？
• The retailer has assembled a team in Shanghai to examine the question.这家零售商在上海组建了一支团队研究这个问题。

9 retailers   

零售商，零售店( retailer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• High street retailers reported a marked increase in sales before Christmas. 商业街的零售商报告说圣诞节前销售量显著提高。
• Retailers have a statutory duty to provide goods suitable for their purpose. 零售商有为他们提供符合要求的货品的法定义务。

10 ethically   

adv.在伦理上，道德上

参考例句：

• Ethically , we have nothing to be ashamed about . 从伦理上说，我们没有什么好羞愧的。
• Describe the appropriate action to take in an ethically ambiguous situation. 描述适当行为采取在一个道德地模棱两可的情况。

11 scenarios   

n.[意]情节；剧本；事态；脚本

参考例句：

• Further, graphite cores may be safer than non-graphite cores under some accident scenarios. 再者，根据一些事故解说，石墨堆芯可比非石墨堆芯更安全一些。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Again, scenarios should make it clear which modes are acceptable to users in various contexts. 同样，我们可以运用场景剧本来搞清楚在不同情境下哪些模式可被用户接受。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓