看你网络头像就能知道你的性格

 Is your profile photo bright and cheery, or is it a brooding work of social media art?

你的头像照片明亮愉快吗？抑或是社交媒体艺术孕育的成果？

According to a new study, these distinctions contain key clues about your personality and can reveal whether you’re conscientious¹, extraverted, or even neurotic².

根据一项新研究，这些差别隐藏着关于你性格的关键线索，可以透露出你是尽责型，外向型，还是神经质的人。

Using thousands of Twitter profile pictures, an international team of researchers found that personality traits can be accurately³ predicted based on differences in aesthetic⁴ and facial presentation.

一个跨国研究团队观察了几千张推特个人资料里的头像照片，发现基于美学和面部展示方式的差异，可以准确推测性格特征。

看你网络头像就能知道你的性格

In a recent paper, Analyzing⁵ Personality through Social Media Profile Picture Choice, researchers analysed a data set of more than 66,000 Twitter users, and collected up to 3,200 of the most recent tweets for each person.

在最近发表的研究论文——《通过社交媒体头像选择分析用户性格》中，研究者们分析了6.6万推特用户的数据，收集了每个用户最近写的3200条推特（如果有这么多的话）。

Along with this, 434 Twitter users were given a psychological survey to determine their scores among the Big Five personality traits.

除此之外，434名推特用户接受了心理测验，根据结果来确定他们是五大人格特质中的哪一个。

These include extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness⁶, neuroticism⁷, and openness to experience.

这些特质包括外向型、宜人型、尽责型、神经质型和开放型。

Profile pictures are likely an important indicator⁸ of personality, as they are chosen by the user to represent their online persona, the researchers explain.

研究人员解释道，头像照片很可能是人格的重要指标，因为用户选择它们来代表自己在网上的形象。

So, they looked only at profile photos, and divided the features into two categories: general image features and stylistic facial features.

因此，他们只看头像照片，并把照片特征分为两类：一类是一般的图像特征，一类是充满个人风格的脸部特征。

The researchers analysed the differences in colour, composition, general type (meaning number of faces included), demographics, facial presentation, and expression.

研究人员分析了颜色、构图、大体形式（就是照片上有多少张脸）、人口学特征，脸部展示以及表情上的差异。

Then, they investigated the correlation⁹ between the personality analyses and the features of each image.

然后他们探究了人格分析和每张图片的特征之间的相关性。

Twitter users that have a profile picture with higher aesthetic quality – increased contrast, sharpness, saturation¹⁰, less blur¹¹ – were associated with open personalities¹², the team found.

研究团队发现，头像有更高审美价值的推特用户——图片对比度、清晰度、饱和度较高，模糊的较少，属于开放型人格。

This group was also most likely to have a profile picture that contained something other than a face, indicating ‘non-conformance,’ they explain.

除了脸，这类人的头像更有可能包含其它事物，暗示他们“不随大流”，他们解释道。

But, they were also less colourful, and the facial expressions were higher in negative emotion, particularly anger.

但是，他们的头像没那么绚丽多彩，而且脸部表情表现出更多的消极情绪，尤其是愤怒。

As for conscientious users, the researchers found profile pictures were more colourful, natural, and bright.

至于尽责型的用户，研究人员发现他们的头像照片更绚丽多彩、自然、明亮。

These users were highly correlated with positive mood expressions, like smiling, and expressed the most emotions out of all the five traits.

这些用户与积极表情高度相关，比如微笑，而且是五大人格中情感表达最丰富的一类人。

Extraverts were found to have the most colourful images, and tended to have profile pictures that contain multiple people.

研究发现，外向型的人头像色彩最丰富，而且头像照片上往往有好几个人。

Users associated with agreeableness were also found to have colourful photos, which were blurry¹³ and bright.

宜人型的用户头像色彩也比较多，明亮但比较模糊。

Overall, these users express positive emotions.

总而言之，这些用户表达的情感都比较积极。

Neurotic users, they found, tended to have simpler, uncolourful images.

他们发现，神经质型的用户头像往往更简单，色彩更单调。

They were also more likely to opt¹⁴ not to present a face in their photos, and had an overall lack of positive emotions when a face was shown.

他们也更倾向于选择没有正脸的照片，即使有，脸上也全然没有积极的表情。

Using this information, researchers say profile pictures can be harnessed to make predictions with ‘robust accuracy.’

研究人员表示，了解这些信息，就可以利用头像对性格做出“靠谱的”预测。

Vocabulary

brood: 冥思苦想；孵化

conscientious: 认真的；尽责的

demographics: 人口统计学

1 conscientious   

adj.审慎正直的，认真的，本着良心的

参考例句：

• He is a conscientious man and knows his job.他很认真负责，也很懂行。
• He is very conscientious in the performance of his duties.他非常认真地履行职责。

2 neurotic   

adj.神经病的，神经过敏的；n.神经过敏者，神经病患者

参考例句：

• Nothing is more distracting than a neurotic boss. 没有什么比神经过敏的老板更恼人的了。
• There are also unpleasant brain effects such as anxiety and neurotic behaviour.也会对大脑产生不良影响，如焦虑和神经质的行为。

3 accurately   

adv.准确地，精确地

参考例句：

• It is hard to hit the ball accurately.准确地击中球很难。
• Now scientists can forecast the weather accurately.现在科学家们能准确地预报天气。

4 aesthetic   

adj.美学的，审美的，有美感

参考例句：

• My aesthetic standards are quite different from his.我的审美标准与他的大不相同。
• The professor advanced a new aesthetic theory.那位教授提出了新的美学理论。

5 analyzing   

v.分析；分析( analyze的现在分词 )；分解；解释；对…进行心理分析n.分析

参考例句：

• Analyzing the date of some socialist countries presents even greater problem s. 分析某些社会主义国家的统计数据，暴露出的问题甚至更大。 来自辞典例句
• He undoubtedly was not far off the mark in analyzing its predictions. 当然，他对其预测所作的分析倒也八九不离十。 来自辞典例句

6 conscientiousness   

责任心

参考例句：

• Conscientiousness is expected of a student. 学生要诚实。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Only has the conscientiousness, diligently works, can make a more splendid result! 只有脚踏实地，努力工作，才能做出更出色的成绩！ 来自互联网

7 neuroticism   

n.神经过敏症

参考例句：

• Is Neuroticism an Independent Dimension of Chinese Personality Structure? 中国人有没有独立的“神经质”人格维度？ 来自互联网
• The usual smoking behavior of male had notable correlation with neuroticism dimension. 男生经常性的吸烟行为与神经质维度显著相关。 来自互联网

8 indicator   

n.指标；指示物，指示者；指示器

参考例句：

• Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黃金价格常常被看作是通货膨胀的指标。
• His left-hand indicator is flashing.他左手边的转向灯正在闪亮。

9 correlation   

n.相互关系，相关，关连

参考例句：

• The second group of measurements had a high correlation with the first.第二组测量数据与第一组高度相关。
• A high correlation exists in America between education and economic position.教育和经济地位在美国有极密切的关系。

10 saturation   

n.饱和(状态)；浸透

参考例句：

• The company's sales are now close to saturation in many western countries.这家公司的产品销售量在许多西方国家已接近饱和。
• Road traffic has reached saturation point.公路交通已达到饱和点。

11 blur   

n.模糊不清的事物；vt.使模糊，使看不清楚

参考例句：

• The houses appeared as a blur in the mist.房子在薄雾中隐隐约约看不清。
• If you move your eyes and your head,the picture will blur.如果你的眼睛或头动了，图像就会变得模糊不清。

12 personalities   

n. 诽谤，（对某人容貌、性格等所进行的）人身攻击； 人身攻击；人格, 个性, 名人( personality的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• There seemed to be a degree of personalities in her remarks.她话里有些人身攻击的成分。
• Personalities are not in good taste in general conversation.在一般的谈话中诽谤他人是不高尚的。

13 blurry   

adj.模糊的；污脏的，污斑的

参考例句：

• My blurry vision makes it hard to drive. 我的视力有点模糊，使得开起车来相当吃力。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The lines are pretty blurry at this point. 界线在这个时候是很模糊的。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 opt   

vi.选择，决定做某事

参考例句：

• They opt for more holiday instead of more pay.他们选择了延长假期而不是增加工资。
• Will individual schools be given the right to opt out of the local school authority?各个学校可能有权选择退出地方教育局吗？