托福冠词+真题要点解析

 　　有关冠词的考题在TOEFL测试中所占比例较小，但出现频率较高，而且是单一题型反复再现，即不定冠词a和an混淆错用。这类题目全部集中在Written Expression(16-40题)中。其次，定冠词the的用法也是考试范围。

　　冠词常考题型及解题要点

　　1.不定冠词a与an的区别

　　解题要点 “a”后面接以辅音开始的字词“an”后面接以元音开始的字词。当A、B、C、D四个选择答案中出现有a或an，应首先察看它后面的单词，以判断此不定冠词是否正确。

　　全真例题分析

　　（1） The Montreal International Exposition,“Expo. 67”was applauded for displaying an degree of taste superior to that of similar expositions.

　　(答案) B 改为a degree。

　　（2） If a atom loses any of its electrons, it becomes positively¹ charged and can combine chemically with other atoms.

　　(答案) A改为an atom

　　（3） Since the beginning of this century the United States government has played an role in the supervision² and use of the nation’s natural resources.

　　(答案) A改为a role

　　（4） A electric current can consist of charges that are positive, negative, or both.

　　(答案) A 改为An election

　　2. 可数名词前面通常要有冠词或其它限定形容词, 非泛指的可数名词一般不能独立存在。

　　全真例题分析

　　（1） A march is highly rhythmic³ piece of music first used by military bands to accompany marching. (94.1)(答案) A 名词短语 piece of music 前面应加不定冠词：a highly rhythmic piece of music（2） The sonometer is instrument used to study the mathematical relations of harmonic tones. (93.8)(答案) A改为an instrument, instrument为可数名词，前面应有冠词。

　　（3） Accounting⁴ is described as art of classifying, recording⁵, and reporting significant financial events.

　　(答案) A 名词art,表示“一门艺术”这个概念时，应加冠词。此句应改为an art。

　　3.冠词的错误使用或遗漏

　　全真例题分析

　　（1） The Yukon River, which fllows into the Baring Sea, gives its name to a region of Alaska and a territory of the Canada.

　　(答案) D删掉定冠词the. Canada是专有名词，无需加冠词。表示“国家”“城市”“人物”等概念的专有名词前不加冠词。

　　（2） Langston Hughes, a prolific⁶ writer of the 1920’s was concerned with the depicting⁷ the experience of urban Black people in the United States.

　　(答案) C 删除冠词the。动名词前不应加冠词。特别是当这个动名词带有宾语，它的动词属性更强烈，因而不能加冠词。

　　（3） Some geologists⁸ predict that, by end of the next century, movement along the San Andreas Fault will have caused part of California to separate from the continent (88.1)(答案) A 加入定冠词the,组成固定短语by the end。含冠词的词组不能随意删除或更换。

　　（4） At a first, the scientific method may appear to be a narrow and restrictive way of gaining (89.10)(答案) A 删除不定冠词a。At first为固定短语结构，不能随意添入冠词。

　　（5） Seven of planets rotate in the same direction as their orbital motions, while Venus and Uranus⁹ rotate in the opposite direction. (91.8)(答案) A 此句的planets特指太阳系中的九大行星，故应加入定冠词the,即Seven of the planets……。

　　本文由在线英语听力室整理编辑。

 

1 positively   

adv.明确地，断然，坚决地；实在，确实

参考例句：

• She was positively glowing with happiness.她满脸幸福。
• The weather was positively poisonous.这天气着实讨厌。

2 supervision   

n.监督，管理

参考例句：

• The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
• The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

3 rhythmic   

adj.有节奏的，有韵律的

参考例句：

• Her breathing became more rhythmic.她的呼吸变得更有规律了。
• Good breathing is slow,rhythmic and deep.健康的呼吸方式缓慢深沉而有节奏。

4 accounting   

n.会计，会计学，借贷对照表

参考例句：

• A job fell vacant in the accounting department.财会部出现了一个空缺。
• There's an accounting error in this entry.这笔账目里有差错。

5 recording   

n.录音，记录

参考例句：

• How long will the recording of the song take?录下这首歌得花多少时间？
• I want to play you a recording of the rehearsal.我想给你放一下彩排的录像。

6 prolific   

adj.丰富的，大量的；多产的，富有创造力的

参考例句：

• She is a prolific writer of novels and short stories.她是一位多产的作家，写了很多小说和短篇故事。
• The last few pages of the document are prolific of mistakes.这个文件的最后几页错误很多。

7 depicting   

描绘，描画( depict的现在分词 )； 描述

参考例句：

• a painting depicting the Virgin and Child 一幅描绘童贞马利亚和圣子耶稣的画
• The movie depicting the battles and bloodshed is bound to strike home. 这部描写战斗和流血牺牲的影片一定会取得预期效果。

8 geologists   

地质学家，地质学者( geologist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Geologists uncovered the hidden riches. 地质学家发现了地下的宝藏。
• Geologists study the structure of the rocks. 地质学家研究岩石结构。

9 Uranus   

n.天王星

参考例句：

• Uranus is unusual because it is tilted.天王星非常特殊，因为它是倾斜的。
• Uranus represents sudden change and rebellion.天王星代表突然性的改变和反叛。