托福阅读背景材料：运动与抑郁的联系

 　　Scientists have confirmed that people who take regular exercise are less likely to be depressed¹， provided the activity is carried out in leisure time. However， people who exert themselves at work， for instance by digging up roads or heavy lifting， were no less likely to suffer depression than those in sedentary desk jobs.

　　科学家近日证实，休闲时间多做锻炼的人较少抑郁。但是，与文职工作相比，活动量大的工作(如挖掘路面、抬举重物等)并不会起到相同的效果。

　　Researchers from the Institute of Psychiatry²， King's College London teamed up with colleagues in Norway to carry out the study of 40，401 Norwegian residents. Participants were asked how often they engaged in both light and intense physical activity during their leisure time. People were also asked how physically³ active they were at work. All the volunteers were given a physical examination and answered questions aimed at assessing their levels of depression and anxiety.

　　来自精神病学中心、国王学院的研究人员和挪威同行一道，对40401名挪威志愿者进行了测试。接受测试人员者需回答他们在休闲时间参加轻、重体力活动的频繁程度，以及工作时的体力劳动强度。所有志愿者都进行了体能检测，并回答旨在评估他们的抑郁和焦虑水平的问题。

　　The study found that individuals who took part in regular physical activity – however mild or intense – were less likely to have symptoms of depression. However， this only held true when activity was part of leisure. Those who were not active in their leisure time were almost twice as likely to suffer symptoms of depression than the most active individuals.

　　结果发现，经常参加体力活动者(不论活动量大小)身上抑郁的症状较少。然而，该结论只适用于闲时活动。而那些“闲时不动”者有抑郁症的可能性是最活跃者的两倍。

　　Lead researcher Samuel Harvey said： "We also found that the context in which activity takes place is vital and that the social benefits associated with exercise， like increased numbers of friends and social support， are more important in understanding how exercise may be linked to improved mental health than any biological markers of fitness. "该研究带头人萨缪尔-哈维称：“我们还发现活动的环境很关键，而同锻炼相关的社会受益，像朋友数目以及社会支持的增加，在理解活动有益于心理健康方面，比任何保护健康的生化药品都重要。”

 

1 depressed   

adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的

参考例句：

• When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
• His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。

2 psychiatry   

n.精神病学，精神病疗法

参考例句：

• The study appeared in the Amercian science Journal of Psychiatry.这个研究发表在美国精神病学的杂志上。
• A physician is someone who specializes in psychiatry.精神病专家是专门从事精神病治疗的人。

3 physically   

adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律

参考例句：

• He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服，心绪也很乱。
• Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。