ETS如何给托福写作评分

 　　托福写作项目

　　托福写作的2 项任务皆按从 0 到 5 的标准评分。托福写作的总分将根据评分比率转化为 0 到 30 之间的分数。

　　Two tasks are rated from 0 to 5. The sum is converted to a scaled score of 0 to 30

　　托福写作项目将根据以下方面予以评分：

　　1评估综合写作任务的论述、组织、语法、词汇量、准确性和完整性

　　2评估独立写作文章的总体写作质量，包括论述、组织、语法和词汇量

　　3人工评分 - 经严格培训的评分员以不具名方式对考试分数进行多重评估。ETS 评分员不断接受监控，以确保分数的公平性和高质量。

　　4eRater? 自动评分技术与人工评分员相结合，对独立和综合的写作任务进行评估。将人类对内容和意义的理解以及自动化评分系统对语言特征的评分结合在一起，确保了分数的质量和一致性。

　　The writing section is scored by:

　　1evaluating the integrated writing task for development, organization, grammar, vocabulary, accuracy and completeness

　　2rating the independent writing essay on overall writing quality, including development, organization, grammar and vocabulary

　　3Human rating — multiple, rigorously trained raters score tests anonymously¹. ETS raters are continually monitored to ensure fairness and the highest quality.

　　4eRater? automated² scoring technology is used with human ratings to score the independent and integrated writing tasks. Using both human judgment³ for content and meaning with automated scoring for linguistic⁴ features ensures consistent, quality scores.

1 anonymously   

ad.用匿名的方式

参考例句：

• The manuscripts were submitted anonymously. 原稿是匿名送交的。
• Methods A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey 536 teachers anonymously. 方法采用自编“中小学教师职业压力问卷”对536名中小学教师进行无记名调查。

2 automated   

a.自动化的

参考例句：

• The entire manufacturing process has been automated. 整个生产过程已自动化。
• Automated Highway System (AHS) is recently regarded as one subsystem of Intelligent Transport System (ITS). 近年来自动公路系统(Automated Highway System,AHS)，作为智能运输系统的子系统之一越来越受到重视。

3 judgment   

n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见

参考例句：

• The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
• He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。

4 linguistic   

adj.语言的，语言学的

参考例句：

• She is pursuing her linguistic researches.她在从事语言学的研究。
• The ability to write is a supreme test of linguistic competence.写作能力是对语言能力的最高形式的测试。