托福阅读题目的猜词小技巧

 　　1、根据同义、反义关系猜词

　　Today‘ s teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than their _______ grandparents.

　　A. freethinking B. traditional C. old D. happy

　　traditional与liberal意思相反，故选B。

　　2、根据句意或段落文章的上、下文猜测词义

　　Klebold and Harris felt _______ and wanted to revenge¹ against those who disliked playing

　　together with them or laughed at them.

　　A. discouraged B. ashamed C. tired D. separated

　　根据下文的disliked playing together with them判断此处应为“感到孤立”，故选D。

　　专家解读托福阅读揣摩生词法二：利用构词法猜测词义(利用前、后缀及合成词猜词义)

　　1、用前、后缀猜测词义

　　英语中的前缀、后缀构词颇多，且特定的缀往往表示特定的含义，把握住这一点，可起到以不变应万变的效果。

　　1)He had been overworking and fell ill at last.

　　overwork是由前缀over-加动词构成，over有“超过、过于”之意，overwork意思是“工作过多，劳累过度”。再如，overburden负担过重，overcharge要价过高，overdo做得过分。

　　前缀还有：

　　mis-错，误：misfortune不幸;mislead误导;mismanage处理不当

　　mid-中央：midnight半夜;midway半路

　　under-低于：underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估

　　anti-反对：antibody抗体;anticyclone反气旋;antifreeze防冻剂

　　下面划线单词为常见后缀派生词：

　　1)You must stop dreaming and face reality.(-ty为名词的标志)

　　2)The country is trying to popularize education. (-ize为及物动词的标志，再如realize， modernize)

　　2、利用合成词猜测词义。

　　Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening， and everyone partakes in for fun.

　　根据短语构成及上下文意思看，此处partakes in相当于takes part in。再如break out-outbreak(名词爆发)，set out-outset(名词起始)，come in-income(名词收入) 。

1 revenge   

v.报...之仇，为...报仇 ；n.报仇，复仇

参考例句：

• She poisoned his mind with ideas of hate and revenge.她用复仇的思想来毒害他的心灵。
• There was anger in his eyes and revenge in his heart.他两眼闪现怒火，一心只想复仇。

2 intakes   

吸入( intake的名词复数 )； （液体等）进入口； （一定时期内）进入或纳入的人数； （采煤）进风巷道

参考例句：

• The Tornado jet fighter-bomber has two air intakes. 旋风式喷气轰炸机有两个空气入口。
• The air intakes to the carburetors were filling up with freezing snow. 汽化器的进气道被积雪封住了。 来自英汉非文学 - 百科语料821