2015年5月24日托福考试解析(四)

 　　2015年5月24日托福考试写作解析

　　2015年5月24日进行的托福考试有何新题型?各种托福题目难度如何?新东方在线联合宁波学校的老师们为大家准备了最新的托福考试内容和详解，以下由新东方写作名师--李瑾老师，为大家带来写作考试部分的真题回顾与解析，祝各位考生学习愉快!

　　综合写作=20140315 讨论著名的Pearl Poet到底是谁

　　Topic 议题： Pearl Poet是谁

　　Reading Listening

　　Thesis 总论点 There are 3 possible hypotheses. None of the 3 hypotheses is reasonable.

　　Sub-point 1

　　分论点1 John Massey might be possible, because he lived in northwestern England, where the poems came out, and the handwritings of John Massey and Pearl Poet are the same. There was same copier in 14th century. That is why the handwritings are the same.

　　Sub-point2

　　分论点2 It might be Hugh, because he wrote poems about Garwain and those 4 famous handwritten poems are also related to Garwin. What’s more, the poems all adopt the rhetorical method of alliteration¹. It cannot be Hugh because the dialect used in the poems of Pearl Poet and Hugh is totally different.

　　Sub-point 3

　　分论点3 The 4 poems might not be written by one person because the poems referred different areas in England. The poems cannot be made by several persons, because the wording of the 4 poems is very similar, which is impossible for different authors.

　　Sample answer:

　　In the lecture, the professor is skeptical² about the idea of the reading passage that there are 3 possible hypotheses. The professor argues that none of the 3 hypotheses is reasonable.

　　Firstly, in the reading passage, John Massey might be possible, because he lived in northwestern England, where the poems came out, and the handwritings of John Massey and Pearl Poet are the same. On the contrary, the professor says that there was same copier in 14th century. That is why the handwritings are the same.

　　Secondly³, the professor opposes reading’s idea that it might be Hugh, because he wrote poems about Garwain and those 4 famous handwritten poems are also related to Garwin. What’s more, the poems all adopt the rhetorical method of alliteration. He states that it cannot be Hugh because the dialect used in the poems of Pearl Poet and Hugh is totally different.

　　Finally, the professor disapproves⁴ the reading’s idea that the 4 poems might not be written by one person because the poems referred different areas in England. The professor points out that the poems cannot be made by several persons, because the wording of the 4 poems is very similar, which is impossible for different authors.

　　独立写作：=20140315CN=20120505NA

　　作文题目：

　　Which do you think is the best way for a student to make friends: joining a sports team, participating in community activities, or travelling? Use specific examples to support your answer.

　　题型类别:

　　偏好类

　　题材类别： 朋友类

　　相关旧题： 20140315CN, 20120505NA

　　写作思路：

　　今天这套题全部重复去年315的那场，独立写作题目也是很简单的交朋友的话题，需要三选一给出你的观点。为了体现出“最好”的三者比较关系，逻辑更严密内容更丰富，可以在阐述自己观点优点的同时也论证一下其他两项的劣势。当然这种比较可以段内比，也可以是段间比。以下思路可供参考。

　　写作指导：

　　Participating a sports team:

　　1. 通过社区活动交友不是很好。社区活动多以亲子类话题或是体育运动为主题，相对来说参加的人比较受限。人们很难交到真正志趣相投的朋友。

　　2. 旅行不是最好的交友方式，它存在很多风险。驴友其实就是陌生人，你甚至都不了解他，万一被骗了呢。

　　3. 相较于前两种，我觉得参加体育小组是最好的选择。首先，队里的人有着相同的兴趣和热情。其次，在团队合作中，为了同一个目标大家一起努力而收获的喜悦会加深彼此间的友谊。

　　范文指导：

　　For most of people, friends are seriously needed, because they exert a very positive effect on their mental and physical health, even their fortune. As to the way to make friends, such as joining a sports team, participating in community activities or travelling, opinions are divided. As far as I am concerned, I would like to deem a sports team as the optimal⁵ choice for people, especially for the young, to make friends. My reasons are listed as follows.

　　First of all, making friends through participating community activities is not that desirable. Community activities largely revolve⁶ around some certain topics and themes, such as parent-child interaction play, sports games or barbeque parties, which fall short of all people’s expectation. As a consequence, the persons who actually attend are limited, and not every one can be suitable to take part in each community activity, because they cannot find friends of same interests. What’ more, the friendship from community activities is simply a casual acquaintanceship in most cases. After the activity, they might never meet again.

　　Besides, travelling is not the best way to make friends either, although plenty of people have the luck with making friends while travelling because of some special experiences. It cannot be denied that there are many hidden risks of being swindled. In a matter of fact, the so-called friends travelling together are strangers, whom you never ever knew about. Talking about this reminds me of a character Lv in the movie The Continent, directed by a famous Chinese author HanHan. Lv is a swindler that the heroes met on their journey, and they are cheated of their car in the end, which makes their trip much more difficult.

　　Compared with the mentioned 2 options, I believe joining a sports team is the best way to make friends. For one thing, everyone in a team has the same interest in and passion for a certain kind of sport such as basketball and soccer, which is the most fundamental character for friends and the source of topics for daily conversation. For another, people meet and play as a team, share their happiness and excitement with each other and eventually achieve higher level of enjoyment⁷ and satisfaction. The process of working together will strengthen the friendship undoubtedly⁸. My younger brother is a good case in point. He is so into the sport of bicycle riding that he joined a riding group. By doing so, he makes a lot of friends of same interest, who are reliable and trustworthy as well.

　　In conclusion, joining a sports team is the best of the three options to make friends, because it can offer the greatest opportunity to cooperate and communicate, reinforcing the friendship finally.

　　词汇拓展：

　　optimal: 最佳的，最优的

　　desirable: 值得的

　　revolve around: 以。。。为主要内容

　　fall short of: 没有达到

　　a casual acquaintanceship: 泛泛之交

　　swindle: 欺骗

　　reinforce: 加强

1 alliteration   

n.（诗歌的）头韵

参考例句：

• We chose alliteration on the theory a little vulgarity enhances memory.在理论上我们选择有点儿粗俗的头韵来帮助记忆。
• It'seems to me that in prose alliteration should be used only for a special reason.依我看，在散文里，头韵只能在一定的场合使用。

2 skeptical   

adj.怀疑的，多疑的

参考例句：

• Others here are more skeptical about the chances for justice being done.这里的其他人更为怀疑正义能否得到伸张。
• Her look was skeptical and resigned.她的表情是将信将疑而又无可奈何。

3 secondly   

adv.第二，其次

参考例句：

• Secondly,use your own head and present your point of view.第二，动脑筋提出自己的见解。
• Secondly it is necessary to define the applied load.其次，需要确定所作用的载荷。

4 disapproves   

v.不赞成( disapprove的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• She disapproves of unmarried couples living together. 她反对未婚男女同居。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Her mother disapproves of her wearing transparent underwear. 她母亲不赞成她穿透明的内衣。 来自辞典例句

5 optimal   

adj.最适宜的；最理想的；最令人满意的

参考例句：

• What is the optimal mix of private and public property rights in natural resources?私人和国家的自然资源产权的最适宜的组合是什么？
• Optimal path planning is a key link for the sailing contest.帆船最优行驶路径规划是帆船比赛取胜的关键环节。

6 revolve   

vi.(使)旋转；循环出现

参考例句：

• The planets revolve around the sun.行星绕着太阳运转。
• The wheels began to revolve slowly.车轮开始慢慢转动。

7 enjoyment   

n.乐趣；享有；享用

参考例句：

• Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同，我们这次访问更加愉快了。
• After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话，这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。

8 undoubtedly   

adv.确实地，无疑地

参考例句：

• It is undoubtedly she who has said that.这话明明是她说的。
• He is undoubtedly the pride of China.毫无疑问他是中国的骄傲。