托福阅读备考之长难句分析：键盘乐器

 　　In the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord¹, and the harpsichord² became the chief instruments of the keyboard group，a supremacy³ they maintained until the piano supplanted⁴ them at the end of the eighteenth century.

　　(同位语a supremacy)

　　17世纪时风琴、敲弦琴和拨弦琴成为键盘乐器类的主要成员，这种至高无上的地位一直由它们保持，直到18世纪末被钢琴所取代。

　　分句1：In the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboard group，

　　分句2：a supremacy

　　分句3：they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century

　　分句2是分句1的同位语，用来修饰说明分句1中的the chief instruments of the keyboard group，分句3是省略了 "that" 的定语从句，修饰分句2.

1 clavichord   

n.（敲弦）古钢琴

参考例句：

• Our clavichord is kept in the living room.我们的击弦古钢琴是放在起居室里的。
• The clavichord which my grandfather bought years ago was damaged.我祖父多年前买的古钢琴被损坏了。

2 harpsichord   

n.键琴（钢琴前身）

参考例句：

• I can tune the harpsichord as well as play it.我会弹奏大键琴，同样地，我也会给大键琴调音。
• Harpsichord music is readily playable.古钢琴音乐可以随时演奏。

3 supremacy   

n.至上；至高权力

参考例句：

• No one could challenge her supremacy in gymnastics.她是最优秀的体操运动员，无人能胜过她。
• Theoretically,she holds supremacy as the head of the state.从理论上说，她作为国家的最高元首拥有至高无上的权力。

4 supplanted   

把…排挤掉，取代( supplant的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• In most offices, the typewriter has now been supplanted by the computer. 当今许多办公室里，打字机已被电脑取代。
• The prime minister was supplanted by his rival. 首相被他的政敌赶下台了。