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【简明语法】18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词

时间:2005-10-05 16:00来源:互联网 提供网友:fage   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

  方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:
  This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
  I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.


  判断改错(注:先显示题,再显示答案,横线;用不同的颜色表示出。)
  (错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
  (错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside1.
  (对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
  (对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.


  习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。


  方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few2 days age?
  A. where B. that  C. on which  D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition3 was4 held.
  A. where  B. that  C. on which  D. the one
答案:例1 D,例2 A

例1变为肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
  在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。
  而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。
  关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom5, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 countryside ozJx7     
n.乡下;农村
参考例句:
  • He's just come from the countryside.他刚从乡下来。
  • He's going to work in the countryside.他将要到农村去工作。
2 few kk0x2     
adj.很少的,不多的,少数的;int.少数的
参考例句:
  • There are few woods in that area.那个地区几乎没有森林。
  • I have a few questions.我有些问题要问你。
3 exhibition YmTxl     
n.展览;展览会
参考例句:
  • They went to an exhibition of modern art yesterday.昨天,他们参观了现代美术展览。
  • The exhibition will open tomorrow.展览会明天开幕。
4 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
5 whom CghwM     
pron.谁(who的宾格)
参考例句:
  • That is the man whom I met in Beijing last year.他就是我去年在北京碰见的那个人。
  • He married a wife by whom he had two daughters.他娶了妻子并跟她生了两个女儿。
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