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拜伦经典之作《恨别》

时间:2017-01-09 04:07来源:互联网 提供网友:mapleleaf   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

   This poem talks about a love affair that Lord Byron had with a married woman some years before he got married. They loved each other very much, but they knew their love would have to finish, and finally she put an end to their relationship. Sometimes it sounds as if she just broke up, and sometimes it sounds as if she died. It’s a very good example of the literary genre1 called "Romanticism", which flourished in Europe in the 19th century.

  这首诗讲述的是拜伦没有结婚之前和一个已婚女人的不伦恋。他们深爱对方,但是彼此都知道,这段感情必须结束,最后以她的离开为这段感情画下了终结。有时听上去,好像她刚分手,而有时又像是她离世了。这是一首很典型的浪漫主义文学诗歌,在19世纪的欧洲风靡一时。
  1
  When we two parted
  昔日依依别,
  In silence and tears,
  泪流默无言;
  Half broken-hearted
  离恨肝肠断,
  To sever2 for years,
  此别又几年。
  Pale grew thy cheek and cold,
  冷颊何惨然,
  Colder, thy kiss;
  一吻寒更添;
  Truly that hour foretold3
  日后伤心事,
  Sorrow to this.
  此刻已预言。
  2
  The dew of the morning
  朝起寒露重,
  Sunk; chill on my brow,
  凛冽凝眉间--
  It felt like a warning
  彼时已预告:
  Of what I feel now.
  悲伤在今天。
  Thy vows4 are all broken,
  山盟今安在?
  And light is thy fame;
  汝名何轻贱!
  I hear thy name spoken,
  吾闻汝名传,
  And share in its shame.
  羞愧在人前。
  3
  They name thee before me,
  闻汝名声恶,
  A knell5 to mine ear;
  犹如听丧钟。
  A shudder6 comes o'er me...
  不禁心怵惕--
  Why wert thou so dear?
  往昔情太浓。
  They knew not I knew thee,
  谁知旧日情,
  Who knew thee too well...
  斯人知太深。
  Long, long shall I rue7 thee,
  绵绵长怀恨,
  Too deeply to tell.
  尽在不言中,
  4
  In secret we met
  昔日喜幽会,
  In silence I grieve
  今朝恨无声。
  That thy heart could forget,
  旧情汝已忘,
  Thy spirit deceive.
  疾心遇薄幸。
  If I should meet thee
  多年离别后,
  After long years,
  抑或再相逢,
  How should I greet thee?
  相逢何所语?
  (with silence and tears)
  泪流默无声。
  诗歌语言点讲解:
  拜伦这首感人至深的诗歌有很多古英语(archaisms)词汇,还有很多倒装(hyperbaton)。
  在古英语(莎士比亚时代)中,第二人称You写作Thou /?a?/。如今这种用法只能在诗歌中,《圣经》里,还有祈祷辞里见到了。Thou后面加动词要在词尾加st。比如:
  You live here = Thou livest here
  Do you love me? = Dost thou love me?
  当然也有一些不规则的动词变形,比如:
  You are= thou art
  You were= thou wert
  I will give you= I shall give THEE /?i:/
  This is your house= this is THY house (/?a?/)
  在古英语中,thou是“你”的单数,复数形式则是you。
  第一诗节
  To sever,被分开,和前面的better押韵。
  Pale grew thy cheek and cold(倒装)=your cheeks grew cold and pale, to grow后面跟形容词,表示“更像”(to become more like that)。
  第二诗节
  Brow=forehead(前额)。当我们说道情绪在我们的前额刻下了皱纹(以愤怒)或是冒出汗水(以恐惧或疼痛)。
  Vows= promises 和前面的cow押韵
  Light is thy fame(倒装)=you fame is light.
  第三诗节
  Knell,丧钟声。
  Mine ear= my ear. 古英语中辅音紧跟所有格my,元音后面紧跟mine。
  O're= over
  They knew not:在古英语里,所有动词都能接not,不用don’t。will not, work not.
  Shall: 古英语里,第一人称I、we用shall,其他人称用will。
  Long shall I rue thee= For a long time I’ll regret having loved you, because it was wrong.
  第四诗节
  In secret we met= we met secretly
  In silence I grieve= I suffer but I don’t say anything
  Thy spirit deceive:这句话其实不完整,因为诗人不想重复上面说了好几遍的内容了,所以完整的意思应该是I am really sad because your heart forgot me and because your spirit deceived me.
  If I should meet thee:助动词should用在if条件句里,表达的是可能未曾发生的情况。比如:if you should see my sister, tell her to come (but I don’t think you will see her)。
  How should I greet thee? 这句话里should又回归了它”建议“的本意。这句话的意思就是:how am I supposed to say hello to you?

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 genre ygPxi     
n.(文学、艺术等的)类型,体裁,风格
参考例句:
  • My favorite music genre is blues.我最喜欢的音乐种类是布鲁斯音乐。
  • Superficially,this Shakespeare's work seems to fit into the same genre.从表面上看, 莎士比亚的这个剧本似乎属于同一类型。
2 sever wTXzb     
v.切开,割开;断绝,中断
参考例句:
  • She wanted to sever all her connections with the firm.她想断绝和那家公司的所有联系。
  • We must never sever the cultural vein of our nation.我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。
3 foretold 99663a6d5a4a4828ce8c220c8fe5dccc     
v.预言,预示( foretell的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • She foretold that the man would die soon. 她预言那人快要死了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Must lose one joy, by his life's star foretold. 这样注定:他,为了信守一个盟誓/就非得拿牺牲一个喜悦作代价。 来自英汉 - 翻译样例 - 文学
4 vows c151b5e18ba22514580d36a5dcb013e5     
誓言( vow的名词复数 ); 郑重宣布,许愿
参考例句:
  • Matrimonial vows are to show the faithfulness of the new couple. 婚誓体现了新婚夫妇对婚姻的忠诚。
  • The nun took strait vows. 那位修女立下严格的誓愿。
5 knell Bxry1     
n.丧钟声;v.敲丧钟
参考例句:
  • That is the death knell of the British Empire.这是不列颠帝国的丧钟。
  • At first he thought it was a death knell.起初,他以为是死亡的丧钟敲响了。
6 shudder JEqy8     
v.战粟,震动,剧烈地摇晃;n.战粟,抖动
参考例句:
  • The sight of the coffin sent a shudder through him.看到那副棺材,他浑身一阵战栗。
  • We all shudder at the thought of the dreadful dirty place.我们一想到那可怕的肮脏地方就浑身战惊。
7 rue 8DGy6     
n.懊悔,芸香,后悔;v.后悔,悲伤,懊悔
参考例句:
  • You'll rue having failed in the examination.你会悔恨考试失败。
  • You're going to rue this the longest day that you live.你要终身悔恨不尽呢。
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