常春藤解析英语【53】The Mysterious Honeybee Disappea(在线收听) |
The Mysterious Honeybee Disappearance 神秘的蜂群消失事件 by Rebecca A. Fratzke Honeybees are used to help many crops flower and grow. Thus, they play an extremely important _(1)_ in agriculture. However, since 2006, beekeepers in the US have seen a dramatic drop in honeybee numbers. Within five months during that year alone, honeybee populations were _(2)_ by 60%. Europe has also been experiencing drops in honeybee populations. Yet, in all cases, the reasons for the _(3)_ are not perfectly clear, leaving scientists scrambling to find answers. The true mystery _(4)_ the fact that honeybees are disappearing abruptly, a phenomenon known as Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) (蜂群衰竭失调现象), and many factors are causing it to happen. One is the Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV). IAPV was brought into the US by honeybees _(5)_ from Australia. It causes shaking wings, paralysis, and death. Additionally, changes in the honeybees' behavior have been observed that affect their navigational abilities. This results in honeybees leaving their hive as _(6)_, but then being unable to find their way back. As a consequence, only the queen and a few adolescents are _(7)_ in the hive. Strangely, honeybees _(8)_ IAPV in Australia do not have these behavioral changes. Experts believe that the varroa mite (蜂虱), which is prevalent in the US but _(9)_ in Australia, is the reason. Varroa mites attack whole colonies and weaken the honeybees' immune systems, making them _(10)_ to viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Still, scientists are unsure what exactly is causing CCD. With US$15 billion and 11% of food crops at stake in the US, they aren't giving up. (A) imported (B) role (C) absent (D) lies in (E) left behind 原来如此 1.Thus, they play an extremely important role in agriculture. 2. Within five months during that year alone, honeybee populations were reduced by 60%. 3. Yet, in all cases, the reasons for the declines are not perfectly clear,... 4. The true mystery lies in the fact that honeybees are disappearing abruptly,... 5. IAPV was brought into the US by honeybees imported from Australia. 6. This results in honeybees leaving their hive as usual, but then being unable to find their way back. 7. As a consequence, only the queen and a few adolescents are left behind in the hive. 8. ...honeybees infected with IAPV in Australia do not have these behavioral changes. 9. ...varroa mite, which is prevalent in the US but absent in Australia, is the reason. 10. Varroa mites attack whole colonies..., making them vulnerable to viruses, bacteria, and fungi. 精解字词词组 1. alone a. 仅仅,只有(用于名词后) 2. scramble to V 紧急(做)…… 3. result in... 导致∕造成…… 4. as a consequence 结果,因此 5. at stake 在危险关头 单字小铺 1. mysterious a. 神秘的 词组小铺 * be used to V 被用来做…… 中文翻译&标准答案 蜜蜂被用来帮忙许多作物开花、生长。因此,牠们在农业上扮演极重要的角色。然而,自 2006 年起,美国的蜂农目睹蜜蜂数量显著下降。该年光是五个月内蜜蜂数量就锐减了百分之六十。欧洲也同样发生蜜蜂数量减少的现象。然而,在所有的案例中,造成数量下降的原因并不全然清楚,让科学家急忙寻找答案。 谜底在于蜜蜂突然间大量消失,这现象称为『蜂群衰竭失调现象』(CCD)。造成此现象的因素有很多,其中之一是以色列急性瘫痪病毒(IAPV)。这种病毒是由澳洲进口的蜜蜂带进美国的,会造成蜜蜂翅膀颤抖、瘫痪后死亡。此外,还观察到影响蜜蜂导航能力的行为变异,导致蜜蜂如往常离巢后却找不到回家的路。结果,巢中只留下女王蜂和一些幼蜂。 奇怪的是,在澳洲感染 IAPV 的蜜蜂不会发生这种行为失序。专家相信这是因为美国蜂虱横行,而澳洲没有蜂虱所造成的。蜂虱会攻击蜂群,并削弱蜜蜂的免疫系统,使牠们对病毒、细菌和真菌失去抵抗力。虽然还不确定造成 CCD 现象真正的主因为何,但因为牵涉到美国面临一百五十亿美元的损失和百分之十一的粮食作物短缺,科学家还在努力寻找原因。 标准答案:1. (B) 2. (F) 3. (H) 4. (D) 5. (A) 6. (J) 7. (E) 8. (G) 9. (C) 10. (I) |
原文地址:http://www.tingroom.com/lesson/cctjxyy/126317.html |