常春藤生活英语【76】I Love to Wear Shades（在线收听）

The sunglasses we know and love today are available in all shapes and sizes. However, they appeared long after people startedexperimenting with lenses2. In Rome, Emperor Nero is said to have watched events through an emerald, which may haveacted as a magnifying glass3. In the mid-18th century, James Ayscough tried using green- and blue-tinted4 glass to correct vision5 problems. Interestingly, all of the first types of "sunglasses" actually had nothing to do with sunshine.

The stars of silent movies in the early 1900s became some of the first people to wear glasses toblock out light.Extremelybright lights were required forshooting films. Therefore, actors' eyes often became. sore. Dark glasses allowed their eyes to rest between takes6. Sam Foster sold the first pair of real sunglasses in Atlantic City, New Jersey in 1930. Shortly after, US Army Air Corps7 scientists developed dark-green sunglasses for pilots.

In the 1960s, advertising and the continued use of sunglasses by film stars increased their popularity. By the 1970s, everyone wore them, and it remains the same today. Just like in the past, people now wear sunglasses for all kinds of reasons.

如今我们所认识且喜爱的太阳眼镜，有着各式各样的造型和尺寸。不过，它们是在人们开始试验镜片很久之后才出现的。据说在古罗马时代，尼罗皇帝会透过祖母绿宝石来观看比赛，其用途很可能是当成放大镜用。在十八世纪中叶，詹姆士?艾斯可夫试图用绿色和蓝色的玻璃镜片来矫正视力问题。有趣的是，以上所有最早种类的『太阳眼镜』，其实都和阳光毫不相关。

二十世纪初，默片演员成为最早戴眼镜来阻隔光线的先驱之一。拍电影需要极强的亮光。因此演员们的眼睛常会酸痛。深色镜片让他们的双眸得以在各场戏间稍作休息。1930年，山姆?佛斯特在纽泽西州的亚特兰大市卖出第一副真正的太阳眼镜。不久之后，美国陆军空战部队的科学家便为飞行员研发出深绿色的太阳眼镜。

1960年代，广告和影星对太阳眼镜的持续配戴，使它们更加流行。在1970年代时，人人都戴上了太阳眼镜，时至今日也是如此。就像往昔，如今人们也因各种理由而戴上太阳眼镜。

Building Your Vocabulary

1.extremely　adv. 极度，极其
Ann looks extremely pretty in her new dress.
穿着新洋装的小安看起来美极了。
2.shoot　vt. 拍摄（照片、电影等）
The director will shoot the final scene again.
导演将重拍最后一个镜头。
3.sore　a. 酸痛的；疼痛的
My arms were sore after carrying the boxes.
搬完那些箱子后，我的手臂很酸。

Phrases for Learning

1.experiment with...　　试验∕试用……
We can experiment with this recipe by using other ingredients.
我们可以使用其它食材来试煮这个食谱。
2.act as...　　充当∕代理……
Joseph will act as the accountant while Nicki is on vacation.
妮琪去度假时，乔瑟夫将会代理会计师的职务。
3.block out.../block...out　　挡……（光）
The curtain totally blocked the sunshine out.
这个窗帘完全挡掉了阳光。

参考字词

1. shades　n. 太阳眼镜，墨镜（恒为复数）
2. lens　n. 镜片；透镜
3. magnifying glass　n. 放大镜
4. tinted　a.（玻璃）有色的
5. vision　n. 视力（本文中作形容词用）
6. take　n.（电影或电视）一次拍摄的镜头
7. corps　n. 特殊部队；特殊兵种

Tips In Use

...they appeared long after people started experimenting with lenses..

（……它们是在人们开始试验镜片很久之后才出现的。）
　long, shortly, right, immediately 等副词常与 before 或 after 并用，形成下列句构：
long/shortly/right/immediately + before/after 引导的介词词组或副词子句　　在……之前∕后很久∕没多久
We arrived right before the beginning of the meeting.
（我们在会议开始前没多久到达。）
The game was forced to stop shortly after the storm.
（比赛在暴风雨开始之后没多久便被迫停止。）