Many Thai Voters Uncertain as Elections Draw Near
Thailand is readying for general elections Sunday seen as marking a further test of country's democratic institutions. Opinion polls indicate a tight race, with about one third of voters still undecided. Thailand's recent troubled political past is weighing upon people's uncertainty in choosing the next leader in fragile economic times.
Adorning the walls of Na Buk's home in Baan Plah Kao in northeast Thailand are calendars, images of revered Thai King Bhumipol Adulyadej, marking each year.
This Sunday Na Buk, a retired domestic worker, will join 46 million other eligible voters in choosing a new government from more than 40 parties and some 3,800 candidates.
The prize is a place in the 500-seat parliament. Competition has been strong.
Thailand's 26th Election
?Main Candidates:
- Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva
The Oxford educated Abhisit enjoys strong backing from the Thai military and the country's royalist elite. He was appointed prime minister in 2008, following two years of political upheaval triggered by a 2006 military coup that toppled then- Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra. Controversial court rulings later disbanded two pro-Thaksin ruling parties accused of electoral fraud, clearing the way for the rise to power of Abhisit and his Democrat Party.
- Yingluck Shinawatra
Yingluck is the younger sister of deposed Prime Minister Thaksin, who faces a two-year prison term at home and currently lives in exile in Dubai. As head of the populist opposition Puea Thai party, the 44- year-old businesswoman - like her exiled brother - enjoys broad support by Thailand's rural and urban lower classes, as well as some "new money" business people.
- Others
A total of 29 parties are contesting the election.
?The Parliament:
Voters will fill 375 seats in the 500-seat parliament, with lawmakers serving four-year terms. The remaining 125 seats will be filled by the parties, based on the percentage of votes each party wins.
?The Electorate
There are about 47 million voters in the country of 67 million residents, and voter turnout in recent polls has been high. Nearly 75 percent of the electorate voted in 2007 polls.
?The Military
Thailand's military has a long history of interfering in politics, having mounted 18 coups or attempted coups since 1932, and its powerful army chief, General Prayuth Chan-ocha, recently urged the Thai public to elect "good people."
Regional interests
Surveys say the northeast provinces are a stronghold of the opposition Pheu Thai Party led by businesswoman Yingluck Shinawatra, 44, the sister of former prime minister and Thai telecom tycoon, Thaksin Shinawatra.
Fighting to make up ground is the governing Democrat Party of Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva. Despite living in Pheu Thai's political heartland, Na Buk says she supports Abhisit.
Na Buk says she supports Abhisit because his government has helped local communities with funding and she believes he is good person.
The election, the first since 2007, is being held a year after Thai security personnel forced an end to two months of anti-government protests in Bangkok.
The rallies, led by pro-Thaksin United Democratic Front against Dictatorship (UDD) or red shirts, had attempted to force the Abhisit government from power by occupying the capital's main business district. Clashes between soldiers and protesters left more than 90 people dead and hundreds injured.
The Bon Gai community in central Bangkok was at the center of fighting.
Du, a street restaurant owner, says she cannot decide who she will vote for between the ruling party and the main opposition Pheu Thai. She says after the violence of a year ago she is tired of politics and fears the problems will persist even after the election.
Economic concerns
The Bon Gai community people say the main concern lies with the economy and rising food and fuel prices.
Yeng, a restaurant owner and Pheu Thai supporter, says life for the poor has been getting harder. He adds that past governments have ignored the poor. Prices of goods are rising and people do not have enough money. He says he hopes a new prime minister will solve the problems.
But after years of political conflict in Thailand fears remain that the election may fail to resolve the tensions in the country.
Chuwit Kamolvisit, the leader of the Rak Thailand (Love Thailand) Party and a former massage parlor owner turned politician, doubts the election will end the conflicts in Thai society, but it may ease the mounting pressures building over recent years.
"No it does not resolve anything," said Kamolvisit. "But it releases something. You know it is like a bubble. So what the election is for is to release some pressure in Thai society and it is good. So the problem we have two big parties - Pheu Thai and Prachatipat [Democrats] - they are fighting. They want to be the government that is what they want to do."
Political strategy
The Democrat Party's has followed a political strategy of warning voters that the election of a Pheu Thai government will trigger further troubled times ahead.
"People have a clear view of comparing between Khun Yingluck and Khun Abhisit as to who is best fit to lead Thailand," said Democrat Party spokesman is Baranuj Smutharak. "The choice will be clear whether Thailand moves ahead and can continue with its path towards stability, towards peace to whether the country will need to be reset and go back to square one."
The Pheu Thai Party, running ahead of the Democrats in opinion polls, has a similar, opposite argument. The party says the election of Yingluck will mark a step to reconciliation in Thailand.
Pheu Thai member Kanawat Wasingsangworn says regardless of the outcome, all stakeholders should accept the outcome of the vote.
"I positively hope that this election will at least pave the way to at least open talks for reconciliation and basically if every party, every stakeholder in this country accepts the rule of the game, just accept the result of the election, that should at least to a certain level put this country back to normal," he said.
Undecided voters
Recent opinion polls say as many as 30 percent of the 46 million eligible voters remain undecided about which party they will support.
Chantana Banpasirichot, is a political scientist from Bangkok's Chulalongkorn University who says voters have much to weigh before heading to the ballot box.
"I think people have a lot to think [about]," she noted. "Maybe it's not simply a choice of policy, different policies; they have been thinking, but not revealing. Not sure if their choice could mean a big change in how the country is running. So for example the amnesty for Thaksin and probably more than that - could mean a big change to a number of people."
Analysts say the outcome Thailand's general elections Sunday will set the stage for fresh political turbulence if the political players fail to accept the outcome. |