指示代词:this, that, these, those 因为有"个"和"些"的区别,所以,后面跟的应该是相应单、复数的名词或者名词短语。 this old man, that tree, these cards, those bees....只需要找到一个问题的答案:它们替代的内容为单数还是复数? 还要写一下的是this和that的一个特殊的用法:用来表示程度。 The box is about this high and this wide. (this表叙述) He has eaten that much! (that带个人感情,表惊讶、不满等)
疑问代词:who, whom, what, which 和 whose who和whom的区别是:who可以做主语和宾语;而whom只能做宾语。在做选择题的时候经常碰到,需要准确判断who(whom)替代的成分是主语还是宾语。 who, whose和whom只能指代人,what指代物(或事情),which既可指代人也可指代物(大家很容易会以为它是指物,要记住这点),而且它既可以代单数,也可以代复数。 what和which还有一个很大区别是:which指代的范围很小,一般都是指代前半句提到过的内容;而what所指的范围可以是无限的。 辨析: 你喜欢这些画里面的哪几张? ____ pictures do you like best? (which) 你喜欢什么风格的画? ____ pictures do you like best? (what)
练习: 1. __ one do you like? The red one. A. what B. that C. his D. which 解答:因为是有特定范围的指代,选D而不是A
2. I got up late, __'s why I missed the bus. A. which B. that C. mine D. what 解答:用that指代I got up late这件事情。
3. __ are you looking for? A. who's B. whom C. which D. where 解答:句子的意思是“你在找谁?”,因而涉及到who和whom的选择,空缺部分可以判断是作宾语,所以who和whom都可以。选B
4. ___ to do is still unknown. A. where B. which C. whose D. what 解答:首先排除AC, 确定意思是“还不知道做什么”,然后根据句子,并没有前后文,也就是说这句话是泛指(排除which),选what |