美国研究生入学考试难句解读-15（在线收听） |
| This preference for exogamy, Gutman suggests, may have derived from West African rules governing marriage, which, though they differed from one tribal group to another, all involved (60) some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin. 古特曼表示，这种对于外部通婚的偏爱很有可能缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的规定，尽管这些规定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽相同，但都涉及到某种对近亲联姻（union with close kin）的禁止。 His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but his definition of (10) racial prejudice as "racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition," can be interpreted as also including (15) hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe. 该社会学家的命题当被应用于针对美国黑人的歧视时，相对而言尚能适用，但他对种族偏见所下的定义——即“以种族为基础的、针对某个群体的消级的先入之见，而该群体在任何特定的种族竞争地区则被普遍认作一种族”——可被理解成同样也襄括了针对加利福尼亚州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人这样一些种族群体的敌视态度。 Such variations in size, shape, (5) chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold, and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold (10) dimensions of mental experience. ?? Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved, (30) the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view, namely, that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as "common currency" (35) throughout the nervous system. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as far as psychoneural (55) correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences. Although some experiments show that, as an object becomes familiar, its internal representation becomes more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly (25) more parallel, the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis, at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar. 虽然某些实 验表明，随着一个物体变得熟悉起来，其内心再现图像亦更具整体感，辨认过程相应地更趋于平行，但证据的砝码似乎在支持序列假设（serial hypothesis），至少是对于那些不甚简单、不甚熟悉的物体来说。 In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more (5) accurately the status of women in various periods. 在很大程度上，由于女权主义运动（feminist movement）的缘故，史学家近年来汇聚了大量的注意力，来更为准确地确定妇女在各个历史时期的地位。 |
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