雅思写作架构的重要性(在线收听

  一篇优秀的文章能够在逻辑层次上清晰明了,在思想传递上直接准确,正中要害;而避免不必要的冗余和繁复,忌讳文不对题。文章的架构,即采取何种步骤,先讲谁,后讲谁,在雅思大作文短短的250字内必须精准操作,否则一篇精妙的文章将因为构架的失误导致低分,非常可惜。
  一、断定文体。雅思大作文分为三种文体:议论文Argumentation,说明文Report,混合问Combination。这三类文体相互交叉又彼此区别,如果不能够根据题目的要求进行有效却分,将会导致对题目的曲解或误读,造成5分的低分。
  议论文Argumentation可以说在雅思最为常见,几乎在每年48次考试中占比重达到70-85%的权重。
  Nowadays, it is widely accepted that social skills are as important as good qualifications for success in a job.
  To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2012.1.14)
  该话题就社会技能和学历对事业成功的作用进行讨论,提出对立的双方观点,要求考生采取立场agree or disagree。
  In some cultures the old age is more valued, while in some cultures youth is more valued. Discuss both views and give your opinion. (2012.3.31)
  该篇则亮出两个对立观点,老人和年轻人谁更有价值,要求考生就两观点双边讨论,并采取立场discuss both views and give your opinion。
  Many people fail to achieve a balance between work and the other parts of life.
  What causes the situation? How to overcome this problem? (2012.3.8)
  题目中没有提出讨论,而询问工作生活不平衡的原因和解决方案,故该篇尾说明文,只需要摆出原因,提出可行方案即可。
  Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems.
  To what extent do you agree or disagree.
  What other measures do you think might be effective? (C8T3)
  该话题将内容查分成两部分,前者要求讨论高油价是不是最好的缓解交通和污染方法,再要求说明其他方法。一篇文章及包含议论有融入说明,该文即混合文章。而混合文章自剑9发布后,考次正逐步处于一个上升趋势,但相比议论Argumentation,一年仍然考不到3次。
  根据以上说明,相比大家对文体断定有了初步了解,这对初识雅思的同学们是至关重要的一环。接下来,我们接着就类型进行详细解析。
  二、确定类型。如果文章能够定位是议论文后,该文体还可以再细分为单边讨论类和双边讨论型两种。根据不同的字眼,要采取不同的文章段落结构来应对。
  Argumentation (讨论类):
  单边类(开头表明立场):
  Do you agree or disagree?
  What do you think?
  To what extend do you agree or disagree?
  Which do you think is the better approach?
  Do advantages outweigh its disadvantages?
  Advertising discourages us from being different individuals by making us all want to be and look the same.
  To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2012.10.27)
  单边类在开头段往往鼓励考生亮明自己的态度,究竟支持还是反对,是好处大于坏处,还是坏处大于好处;明确给出自己的立场,从而避免含糊带来的不确定。
  禁止出现中立态度。虽然评分标准没有明确表示反对中立方案,但考虑到考试时间紧,速度快,骑墙对考生表达能力和思维辩证逻辑要求异常高,容易造成观点混乱,从而到最后既反对又支持,没有给出自己的态度。
  双边类(客观论述后表明立场,切勿过早亮明观点):
  Discuss both views and give your own opinions.
  Evaluate those two factors and give your opinion.
  Some people think personal happiness is directly related to economic success, while others believe this depends on other factors.
  Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.(2012.10.11)
  双边类和单边类在文章构架上有很大区别,千万不可混用,否则6.5分的文章打到5分你都不知道个所以然。记住,双边讨论类关键词是discuss和and。主考官认为不要在开头段摆明自己的立场。因为题目要求你先双边讨论,然后给观点。所以顺序很重要。否则,就不能做到客观地讨论双边,你的思想已经有了倾向性。
  单双亦可
  Is this a positive or negative development? (advantages / disadvantages)
  Some languages are increasing in use,while many others are declining.
  Do you think this is a positive or negative development? (2013.11.16)
  该类型属于单双亦可的问法,观点的早晚没有太大问题,因为问题很含糊,只要在结尾前表个态就算圆满完成任务。
  原文地址:http://www.tingroom.com/listen/ysyy/240229.html