10-6 罗马(在线收听) |
Rome In Rome, Nero fiddled1, Mark Antony praised Caesar, and Charlemagne2 was crowned. Today, you can walk in their footsteps past the masterpieces of Michelangelo, sip your cafè in the shadow of Mussolini, and dodge3 Vespas4 speeding by Baroque5 palazzi6 and Egyptian obelisks7. The ages of history live on in this, the Eternal City. However you arrive in Rome, you can tell by the traffic that you are entering a grand nexus8: all roads lead to Rome. As you enter the city proper, edifices9, icons10, and images to match your expectations take shape: a bridge with heroic statues along its parapets11; a towering cake of ornate12 marble decorated with allegorical13 figures in extravagant14 poses; a piazza15 and an obelisk under an umbrella of pine trees; a massive stone arena, even bigger than you imagined, that you realize with awe is the fabled Colosseum. More than Florence, more than Venice, Rome is Italy's treasure trove16, packed with masterpieces from more than two millennia of artistic achievement -- for this is where Republican Rome once bustled17 around the buildings of the Roman Forum, centuries later Michelangelo Buonarroti painted the ceiling in the Sistine Chapel, and in modern times, Federico Fellini filmed La Dolce Vita and 17/2 at Cinecittà Studios. Rome's 2,700 years of history are laid open with every step. Ancient Rome rubs shoulders with the medieval18, the modern runs into the Renaissance19, and the result is like nothing so much as an open-air museum, a city that glories in its glories and is a monument to itself. Ancient Romans, Vandals20, Popes21 and the Borgias22, Michelangelo and Bernini23, Napolé on, and Mussolini all left their physical, cultural, and spiritual marks on the city. Today, Rome's formidable legacy is upheld by its people. Students walk dogs in the park that was once the mausoleum24 of the family of the Emperor Augustus25; Raphaelesque26 madonnas27 line up for buses on busy corners; a priest in flowing robes walks through a medieval piazza talking on a cell phone. Modern Rome has one foot in the past, one in the present --a delightful stance that allows you to have an espresso28 in a square designed by Bernini, then take the Metro back to your hotel room in a renovated Renaissance palace. “When you first come here you assume that you must burrow29about in ruins and prowl30 in museums to get back to the days of Numa Pompilius31 or Mark Antony,” Maud Howe observes in her book Roma Beata. “It is not necessary; you only have to live, and the common happenings of daily life -- yes, even the trolley car and your bicycle -- carry you back in turn to the Dark Ages, to the early Christians, even to prehistoric Rome.” 注释: 1. fiddle [5fidl] vi. 拉提琴 2. Charlemagne [5FB:lE5mein] 查理曼(742?~814,即查理大帝,法兰克国王[768~814]、查理帝国皇帝 [800~814,称查理一世],扩展疆土,建成庞大帝国,加强集权统治,鼓励学术,兴建文化设施,使其宫廷成为繁荣学术的中心) 3. dodge [dCdV] vt. 闪身躲开,躲避 4. Vespa [vespE] n. 黄蜂牌小型摩托车(一种意大利制低座摩托车) 5. baroque [bE5rEuk] a. 巴罗克风格的,(建筑、艺术品)多装饰曲线以追求动势与起伏的,以铺张浮华为特色的 6. palazzo [pE5lB:tsEJ] n. [意] 宫殿,大厦 7. obelisk [5Cbilisk] n. [建] 方尖塔,方尖碑,方形碑状物 8. nexus [5neksEs]n. 交叉点,中心,连结 9. edifice [5edifis] n.(巨大而雄伟的)建筑物,大厦 10. icon [5aikRn] n.雕像,塑像 11. parapet [5pArEpit] n. [建](屋顶、桥梁、露台等边上的)低矮挡墙 12. ornate [C:5neit] a. 装饰华丽的 13. allegorical [7Ali5CrikEl] a. 寓言里的 14. extravagant [iks5trAvE^Ent] a. 茂盛的,丰饶的 15. piazza [pi5AtsE] n.(尤指意大利等城市中的)广场 16. trove [trEuv] n.(珍贵的)收藏品 17. bustle [5bQsl] vi. 闹哄哄地忙乱,匆忙,奔忙 18. medieval [7medi5i:vEl] a. 中世纪的,中古(时代)的 19. the Renaissance [rE5neisEns] n.(欧洲14~16世纪的)文艺复兴,文艺复兴时期 20. Vandal [5vAndEl] n. 汪达尔人(日尔曼民族的一支,公元4~5世纪时进入高卢、西班牙和北非,并于公元455年攻占罗马) 21. pope [pu:p] n.(天主教)教皇,罗马主教 22. Borgia the ~ s 博尔吉亚家族(定居意大利的西班牙世袭贵族一家族,在15~16世纪出过两个教皇和许多政治及宗教领袖) 23. Bernini 贝尔尼尼(1598~1680,意大利建筑家、雕塑家和画家,巴罗克艺术风格的代表人物) 24. mausoleum [mR:sE5liEm] n. 陵墓 25. Augustus [C:5^QstEs] 奥古斯都(63BC~14AD,罗马帝国第一代皇帝[27BC~14AD],恺撒的继承人,在位时扩充版图,改革政治,奖励文化艺术;原名屋大维,元老院奉以“奥古斯都”的称号) 26. Raphaelesque [7rAfeiE5lesk] a.(意大利文艺复兴盛期画家)拉斐尔风格的 27. madonna [mE5dCnE] n. 圣母马利亚的画像(或雕像) 28. espresso [5espresEu] n. 浓咖啡 29. burrow [5bQrEu ] vi. 深入搜寻 30. prowl [praul] vi.(仔细地)搜寻 31. Numa Pompilius 努马·庞皮利乌斯(活动时期约700BC前后,传说古代罗马七王相继执政的王政时代的第二代国王 [715~673],曾创立宗教历法和制订各种宗教制度) 罗马 罗马,暴君尼禄曾在这里拉小提琴,马克·安东尼曾在这里歌颂恺撒大帝,查理曼曾在这里加冕。今天你可以沿着他们的足迹,从米开朗琪罗的杰作旁徐行而过,在墨索里尼的阴影下品尝咖啡,闪身躲过从巴罗克式宫殿和埃及方尖塔旁飞驰而过的小摩托车。历史的岁月都留存在这座永恒之城中。 不论你怎么进入罗马城,你都能发觉自己正通往一个巨大的交通枢纽,真所谓“条条大路通罗马”。进入市区,你期望中的高大的建筑、雕像和画就出现在面前:桥梁的低矮挡墙上排列着历史英雄人物的塑像;高大而华丽的大理石块上雕刻着千姿百态的寓言故事主人公;广场和方形尖塔荫庇在松树林之下;巨大的石砌圆形剧场比想像中的更大,你怀着敬畏发现这就是著名的古罗马圆型剧场。 罗马是意大利的宝库,它胜过佛罗伦萨,也胜过威尼斯。这里到处都是两千多年来艺术成就的杰作——罗马共和国曾在这里的罗马论坛忙忙碌碌;几个世纪以后,米开朗琪罗·博纳罗蒂在西斯廷教堂天花板上绘画;在现代,费代里科·费利尼在电影城摄影棚里拍摄了《甜蜜的生活》(又译《露滴牡丹开》)和《八又二分之一》(又译《八部半》)。 罗马2700年的历史画卷随着你的每一步在展开,古罗马与中世纪相交错,现代与文艺复兴相碰撞,其结果是,罗马城更像一个露天博物馆,一座以自身的辉煌为荣耀的城市,其本身就是一座自己的丰碑。古罗马人、汪达尔人、教皇、博尔吉亚家族、米开朗琪罗、贝尔尼尼、拿破仑及墨索里尼都在这座城市留下了物质、文化和精神的印迹。 今天,罗马人民在维护那些令人赞叹的罗马历史遗产。学生们在曾是奥古斯都皇帝家庭陵园的公园里遛狗;拉斐尔风格的圣母像矗立在繁华的市区的角落,仿佛在那儿排队等公共汽车;身着飘逸长袍的牧师打着手机穿过中世纪的广场。现代的罗马,一只脚踩在过去,另一只脚踩在现代——这种令人愉快的姿态让你能在贝尔尼尼设计的广场上品味香浓的咖啡,然后乘地铁回到由文艺复兴时期的宫殿翻修而成的旅馆房间。 “初到罗马,你以为必须到废墟中挖掘和在博物馆中搜寻,才能追溯到努马·庞皮利乌斯或者马克·安东尼的时代,”莫德·豪在她的著作《罗马女性》中写道,“其实不必,只需在那儿生活,日常生活中的普通事情,甚至有轨电车和自行车就能先后把你带回到中世纪、早期基督教时期,甚至史前罗马。” |
原文地址:http://www.tingroom.com/lesson/engsalon20042/25809.html |