历届美国总统介绍:第10任总统 约翰泰勒（在线收听） |
John Tyler was the tenth President of the United States, serving between 1841 and 1845. He was dubbed "His Accidency" by his opponents because he was the first Vice-President to be elevated to the office of President by the death of his predecessor. Tyler was born in Virginia in 1790 on his father's plantation. He studied law and was admitted to the bar at the age of 19, against bar regulations. 约翰·泰勒是美国第10任总统，任期自1841年至1845年。他是美国历史上第一位因在任总统逝世而以副总统继任总统的人，因此他被反对派戏称为“继任总统”。1790年，泰勒出生在弗吉尼亚他父亲的种植园里。他学过法律，并在19岁时被法院破格录用。
Tyler started his political career at an early age. At the age of 21, he was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates, where he served five successive one-year terms. He then went on to sit in the House of Representatives from 1816 to 1821. Tyler voted against most nationalist legislation. As a Senator he reluctantly supported Jackson for President as a choice between several evils.
泰勒很早便开始从政。21岁时，他入选弗吉尼亚议会，该职务任期为一年，他连任了五届。1816年至1821年，泰勒服务于美国众议院。他曾投票反对种族主义立法。身为参议员，他不愿支持杰克逊担任美国总统之职，他认为这是不利的选择。
约翰·泰勒.jpgThe Whigs nominated Tyler for Vice President in 1840, hoping for support from southern states. Suddenly, incumbent President Harrison was dead after just 30 days in office and Tyler was in the White House. He insisted upon assuming the full powers of a duly elected President and even delivered an Inaugural Address. He was to have a troubled time as president.
1840年，辉格党希望赢得南部各州的支持，将泰勒提名为美国副总统。意外的是，在任美国总统哈里森在就职仅30天后便逝世了，于是泰勒入驻了美国白宫。泰勒坚持要取得美国正式总统的所有权利，甚至还进行了总统就职演说。但他的总统当得并不是一帆风顺。
Tyler's cabinet resigned over his economic policy. They expelled him from his own party and sent him hundreds of letters threatening to assassinate him. The House of Representatives initiated the first impeachment proceedings against a president in U.S. history. It failed. He did succeed in keeping his promise to annex the Republic of Texas, which became the 28th state in 1845. Tyler died in 1862, aged 71.
因不满泰勒的经济政策，泰勒任命的内阁进行了集体辞职。他们将泰勒开除党外，并写了上百封信威胁要暗杀他。美国众议院还发起了美国有史以来的第一次总统弹劾活动。但这次弹劾活动以失败告终。泰勒成功地遵守了自己的诺言，使得德克萨斯共和国加入美国——1845年，德克萨斯成了美国第28个州。1862年，泰勒逝世，享年71岁。 |
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