Lesson 32: A lost ship 一艘沉船
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Did the crew of the Elkor find what they were looking for? Why?
The salvage operation had been a complete failure. The small ship, Elkor, which had been searching the Barents Sea for weeks, was on its way home. A radio message from the mainland had been received by the ship's captain instructing him to give up the search. The captain knew that another attempt would be made later, for the sunken ship he was trying to find had been carrying a precious cargo of gold bullion.
Despite the message, the captain of the Elkor decided to try once more. The sea bed was scoured with powerful nets and there was tremendous excitement on board went a chest was raised from the bottom. Though the crew were at first under the impression that the lost ship had been found, the contents of the chest proved them wrong. What they had in fact found was a ship which had been sunk many years before.
The chest contained the personal belongings of a seaman, Alan Fielding. There were books, clothing and photographs, together with letters which the seaman had once received from his wife. The captain of the Elkor ordered his men to salvage as much as possible from the wreck. Nothing of value was found, but the numerous items which were brought to the surface proved to be of great interest. From a heavy gun that was raised, the captain realized that the ship must have been a cruiser. In another chest, which contained the belongings of a ship's officer, there was an unfinished letter which had been written on March 14th, 1943. The captain learnt from the letter that the name of the lost ship was the Karen. The most valuable find of all was the ship's log book, parts of which it was still possible to read. From this the captain was able to piece together all the information that had come to light. The Karen had been sailing in a convoy to Russia when she was torpedoed by an enemy submarine. This was later confirmed by naval official at the Ministry of Defiance after the Elkor had returned home. All the items that were found were sent to the War Museum.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
salvage
v. 救助，营救；打捞
Barents
n. 巴伦支（海）
sunken
adj. 沉没的
cargo
n. 货物
bullion
n. 金条；银条
scour
v. 彻底搜索
chest
n. 大箱子
contents
n. （复数）所装的东西
belongings
n. （复数）所有物
item
n. 物件
cruiser
n. 巡洋舰
find
n. 找到的物品
log book
航海日志
piece
v. 拼成整体
convoy
n. 护航
torpedo
v. 用鱼雷攻击
submarine
n. 潜水艇
naval
adj. 海军的
ministry
n. （政府的）部
参考译文
打捞工作彻底失败了。小船“埃尔科”号在巴伦支海搜寻了几个星期之后，正在返航途中。返航前，该船船长收到了大陆发来的电报，指示他们放弃这次搜寻。船长知道日后还会再作尝试，因为他试图寻找的沉船上载有一批珍贵的金条。
尽管船长接了电报，他还是决定再试一试。他们用结实的网把海床搜索了一遍。当一只箱子从海底被打捞上来时，甲板上人们激动不已。船员们开始认为沉船找着了，但海底沉箱内的物品证明他们弄错了。事实上，他们发现的是另一艘沉没多年的船。
木箱内装有水手艾伦.菲尔丁的私人财物，其中有书箱、衣服、照片以及水手收到的妻子的来信。“埃尔科”号船长命令船员们尽量从沉船中打捞物品，但没发现什么值钱的东西，不过打捞出来的众多的物品还是引起了大家极大的兴趣。从捞起的一门大炮来看，船长认为那艘船一定是艘巡洋舰。另一只海底沉箱中装的是船上一位军官的财物，其中有一封写于1943年3月14日的信，但没有写完。从这封信中船长了解到沉船船名是“卡伦”号。打捞到的东西中最有价值的是船上的航海日志，其中有一部分仍然清晰可读。据此，船长可以将所有的那些已经搞清的材料拼凑起来。“卡伦”号当年在为其他船只护航驶往俄国的途中突然遭到敌方潜水艇鱼雷的袭击。这一说法在“埃尔科”号返航后得到的国防部一位海军官员的证实。那次打捞到的所有物品均被送往军事博物馆。
新概念英语正版图书购买
自学导读
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1．People are not so honest as they once were. 人们不再像以前那样诚实了。
（1）“not so + 形容词+ as”引导的是比较状语从句，表示较低的程度，通常译为“不如……那样……”。（cf．本课语法）
（2）once表示“以前”、“曾经”时只能与动词的过去式连用：
He once worked at a large company.
他曾经在一家大公司工作过。
2．The temptation to steal is greater than ever before…偷窃的诱惑力比以往任何时候都更强烈……
（1）不定式 to steal为 temptation的定语，说明是什么样的诱惑。
to引导不定式和to作为介词的区别很大：
The temptation to smoke is strong for him.
对他来说吸烟有很强的诱惑力。（to smoke为不定式）
The cake on the table is a great temptation to the child.
桌上的蛋糕对那孩子是个极大的诱惑。（to the child为介词短语）
（2）ever用于表示比较的从句中时意义为“曾经”、“以往任何时候”。在这句话中，省略的成分比较多，与ever before相比的是隐含的时间now，从句中省略成分为 it was（在 ever之前）。大多数含有比较状语从句的句子都可以省略句中的成分。
3．on Monday mornings，在星期一上午。
morning用复数形式是表示经常性的情况，它前面有修饰词Monday，所以介词要用on。
4．One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. 有一个星期一，当这位妇女走进这家商场时，里面的人比往常少，因此，侦探比较容易监视她。
（1）one在此处表示“某一个”，不能用a 代替。
（2）这个句子较长，there were引导的是主句，when引导的是它的时间状语从句，so引导的是结果状语从句，在主句和结果状语从句中又分别隐含比较状语从句。在结果状语从句中，it为先行词，真正的主语是不定式短语for the detective to watch her。不定式短语往往较长，作主语时通常要用先行词it作为形式主语：
It is easy for you to help me.
你帮助我是很容易的。
5．as quickly as possible，以最快的速度。
as…as possible为固定短语，表示“尽可能”：
He went home as soon as possible.
他尽快回了家。
I have sent you as many books as possible.
我已经把书尽可能多地给你送来了。
6．Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. 然后，那妇女拿过包就走出了商场，根本没有付钱。
simply表示“仅仅”、“只”，有加强语气的作用。连词and表示动作的连续，相当于 and then。withoug paying可以当成是整个句子的方式状语，即那妇女没有，……就……paying为动名词。
7．The girl‘gave’her mother a free dress once a week! 那姑娘每星期“送”她母亲一件免费的衣服！
（1） gave加引号，表示姑娘不是真正给，而是偷。
（2） free在这里的含义为“免费的”、“不要钱的”：
Children under five years old travel free.
5岁以下儿童免费旅行。
Tom gave me two free tickets.
汤姆给了我两张免费的票。
（3）“once a+ 表示时间的名词”可以表示频率：
He comes to the office once a day.
他每天来办公室一次。
Frank writes to his mother once a month.
弗兰克每个月给他母亲写一次信。
语法 Grammar in use
1．比较状语从句
在第8课的语法中，我们学习了形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。在比较级的用法中，实际上我们已接触到比较状语从句：
I know him better than you do.
我比你了解他。（than后面为比较状语从句）
比较状语从句含有或暗含有“与……相比”的意思。除了than…或 more… than…
这种结构外，它还包括 as+形容词/副词+as…, not so/as… as…, less… than…等结构。当句子里两个动词相同、时态也一样时，则第2个动词可以省略，比较从句就成了含蓄的从句。如果对比的东西很明显，那么为了避免重复，从句中有些成分、甚至整个从句都可以省略，因此这类句子往往不完整。比较完整的句子读起来要正规些：
2．little 和few的用法
little和 a little 与不可数名词一起使用。 little表示否定，有“几乎一点儿也没有”的含义，在口语中我们常用 not much：
a little 表示肯定，具有some的含义：
few和 a few 与复数可数名词连用。 few表示否定，与 little 相
似，在口语中我们多用not many; a few与a little 相似，有some 的含义：
little的比较级为less，few的比较级为fewer：
词汇学习 Word study
1．arrest
（1）vt．逮捕，扣留：
The police have already arrested the thief.
警方已逮捕了那小偷。
When she was arrested, she refused to say anything.
她被捕以后，拒不说话。
（2）vt．吸引（注意等）：
The beauty of the woods arrested the tourists.
树林的美丽景色吸引了游客。
He was arrested by her words.
她的话吸引了他。
（3）n．逮捕，扣留：
Tony is under arrest now.
托尼现已被捕。
2．a与one
不定冠词a 的用法在第6课的语法中已经讲过，它通常用于表示不确定的人或事物以及第一次提到的人或事物：
I met a well-dressed woman this morning.
今天上午我遇见了一位穿着考究的妇女。
表示数量时，one比a 的语气要强：
It was one apple I ate, not two.
我吃了一个苹果，而不是两个。（不可用a）
There is a book and a pen on the desk.
书桌上有一本书和一枝笔。
I read only one book this week.
这星期我只读了一本书。（不可用a代替）
不表示强调时，a和one有时可以互换：
She will come home in a/one week's time.
她一周以后就会回家。
叙述故事时常将one+ 表示时间的名词用于句首，而不用a：
One day, a policeman came to his house.
有一天，一个警察来到了他家。
One Monday, he went to the office as usual.
一个星期一，他像往常一样去了办公室。
练习答案 Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案
A People are not so honest as they once were(1.1); The temptation…is greater than ever before(11.1-2); there werefewer people…than usual (11.4-5); it was easier…to watch her (11.5-6); one of the most expensive dresses (11.7-8); wrapped it… as quickly as possible (11.8-9)
2．难点练习答案
One day…a postcard…an excursion…one thing…a fax… a form… a fax of one word…
3．多项选择题答案
1 c 2 c 3 c 4 b 5 b 6 c
7 a 8 d 9 a 10 d 11 b 12 c
课堂笔记
once adj 曾经，以前
temptation n 诱惑
article n 物品，东西
wrap v 包裹
simply adv 仅仅
arrest v 逮捕
long long ago
i visited my mother once a month
once 连接从句，表示“一旦”
Once you leave my company，you must return the house
temptation to＋动词原形
temptation to do sth
temptation to steal
resist the temptation to do抵抗不了什么的诱惑
i can't resist the temptation to laugh
article 文章：this is a good article
arctile/thing
article强调的是商店里的一个一个的东西，是可数名词
thing 指任何的东西
cargo 货物
goods 货物，商店里的货物的总称
Please wrap them （up） for me请替我把他们包好
wrap sth up
pack
i will take/get/have it。please wrap them for me please pack them for me
simply：only/just
arrest the criminal
arrest one's attention吸引某人的注意
the criminal was arrested。
sb。 be under arrest
control/under control控制/被控制
shopping made easy
make：1、制造
2、使。。。怎么样
make the room clean
make shopping easy
Shopping be made easy（句子）
标题不用句子，所以标题省略be
text
not so...as表示比较，不如
as...as...和什么一样
as＋adj/adv＋as＋比较对象
as quickly as possible尽可能快
he is as tall as i
this case is as light as that one
it is as heavy as that one
这个东西不如那个东西重
as...as...的否定形式是not so...as...,/not as ... as...
it is not as heavy as that one
这个东西不如那个东西重
i am not as tall as you
i am taller than you/you are not as tall as i
less ＋ 原级＝not as...as...=not so...as...
not as ＋ 原级 ＋as
i am not so lucky as those fisherman
less ＋ 原级＋than
they are 与 they were 在用不同时态比
you are beautiful。you were beautiful
you are more beautiful than you were
you look better than you were
i think 想
i thought 原以为
you were worse表示you are better
1。 they are 与 they were 在用不同时态比
2。用断语than ever before
People are not so honest as before
impulsion冲动
adventure冒险行动
watch：观察，监视，当心
watch the enemy
watch sth 当心
well-done
well＋动词的过去分词
design
well-design
well-educated 有教养的
as usual想平常
than usual 比平常
be动词＋形容词＋for sb to do sth
so it was easier for the detective to watch her
it 是形式主语，for sb.重中的sb是逻辑主语
the teacher bought a lot of dresses to make her more beautiful
用more是表示对别人的尊重
out of politeness
after a little time过了一会
hand...to...递给（比较有权威的人） pass to一个一个的传递
hand in 上交
find out发现
find/find out
find sth sth 是看得见，模得着的，具体的
i find the pen
find out 后跟的宾语一般是抽象的
find out the truth
free 免费
fee 交费
special difficulties
a强调的是后面的名词；one强调的是“一个”的意思
composition
arrive at come to
most expensive ＋地点 用in
＋范围表示所有的人或（书）当中，用of
i have ever seen/done/heard
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