California was the name given to the Mexican possessions on the Pacific coast north of Mexico itself. 加利福尼亚是对墨西哥以北太平洋沿岸墨西哥属地的称谓，

There were now many American settlers there, especially at Monterey.  此时，有许多美国人在这里定居，在蒙特里埃定居的美国人更多。

Hearing of the outbreak of the Mexican War, they Set up a republic of their own. 得知墨西哥战役的结果后，加利福尼亚人建立起自己的共和国，

Their flag had a figure of a grizzly bear painted on it, and hence their republic is often spoken of as the Bear Republic. 他们的国旗上画着一只灰白色的熊，因此他们的共和国经常被说成大熊共和国。

Commodore Stockton with a small fleet was on the Pacific coast. 海军准将斯托克顿带着一支小舰队停在太平洋海岸，

He and John C. Frémont assisted the Bear Republicans until soldiers under Colonel Kearney reached them from the United States by way of Santa Fé. 他和约翰·C·佛里蒙特一直在协助大熊共和国的人，直到科尔尼上校从美国经由桑塔菲抵达他们所在的位置为止。

337. Treaty of Peace, 1848. 337．和平条约（1848年）

The direct cause of the Mexican War was Mexico's unwillingness to give up Texas without a struggle. 墨西哥战争的主要原因是墨西哥不愿意不经过斗争就放弃得克萨斯，

But the Mexicans had treated many Americans very unjustly and owed them large sums of money. 但墨西哥人给许多美国人以不正当的待遇，而且还欠这些人大量的钱。

A treaty of peace was made in 1848. 1848年，美国和墨西哥签订了一份和平条约，

Mexico agreed to abandon her claims to Texas, California, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado. 墨西哥同意放弃它对得克萨斯、加利福尼亚、新墨西哥、内华达、犹他及科罗拉多的主权，

The United States agreed to withdraw its armies from Mexico, to pay Mexico fifteen million dollars, and to pay the claims of American citizens on Mexico. 美国从墨西哥撤出军队，并付给墨西哥1500万美元，并赔偿美国公民在墨西哥战争中的损失，

These claims proved to amount to three and one-half million dollars, 经查证这部分钱有350万美元。

In the end, therefore, the United States paid eighteen and one-half million dollars for this enormous and exceedingly valuable addition to its territory. 因此，美国政府最终拿出1850美元为它的领土附加上庞大而极富价值的一块土地。