As it was with the cities so it was with the states—the North had grown beyond the South. 在发展方面各个州的情况一如各个城市——北方的发展超过南方。

In 1790 Virginia had as many inhabitants as the states of New York and Pennsylvania put together. 1790年弗吉尼亚州的人口的数量是纽约州和宾夕法尼亚州的总和，

In 1860 Virginia had only about one-quarter as many inhabitants as these two states. 1860年弗吉尼亚州的人口不过是这两个州人口的四分之一。

Indeed, in 1860 New York had nearly four million inhabitants, or nearly as many inhabitants as the whole United States in 1791. 实际上，在1860年纽约州已经有近400万居民，几乎相当于1791年整个美国的人口。

But the growth of the states of the Northwest had been even more remarkable. 而此时美国西北部的州人口增长更加明显。

Ohio now had a million more people than Virginia and stood third in population among the states of the Union. 此时俄亥俄州比弗吉尼亚州多出100万人，人口数量在整个联邦居于第3位，

Illinois was the fourth state and Indiana the sixth. 伊利诺斯州第4，印第安纳州第6。

Even more interesting are the facts brought out by a study of the map showing the density of population or the number of people to the square mile in the several states. 通过地图了解几个州的人口密度或者每平方公里人口数，会发现更有意思的是，

It appears that in 1860 Ohio, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts each had over forty-five inhabitants to the square mile, 可以看出1860年俄亥俄州、宾夕法尼亚州、马里兰州、特拉华州、新泽西州、纽约州、康涅狄格州、罗得岛州和马萨诸塞州

while not a single Southern state had as many as forty-five inhabitants to the square mile. 等每平方英里都有45人以上的居民，而南方没有一个州每平方英里超过45人，

This shows us at once that although the Southern states were larger in extent than the Northern states, they were much less powerful. 这立刻让我们看出的一个结论是，尽管南方各州面积大于北方，但是北方比南方要强大得多。