But this sort of cross-pollination happens for each of us in small ways thousands of times per day. 但这种跨界转型每天正以难以察觉的方式在我们身边，发生成千上百次。

Machines cannot compete with us when it comes to tackling novel situations, 在创新方面，机器无法与我们抗衡。

and this puts a fundamental limit on the human tasks that machines will automate. 这将使机器自动化取代人工受到限制。

So what does this mean for the future of work?  那么这对未来的工作意味着什么呢？

The future state of any single job lies in the answer to a single question:  未来工作的状态，完全取决于一个问题：

To what extent is that job reducible to frequent, high-volume tasks,  这种工作在多大程度上可以简化为频繁、大批量的任务，

and to what extent does it involve tackling novel situations?  又涉及多少对创新能力的要求？

On frequent, high-volume tasks, machines are getting smarter and smarter.  对于那些频繁、大批量的任务，机器变得越来越智能。

Today they grade essays. They diagnose certain diseases.  如今，它们可以评判作文，诊断某些疾病。

Over coming years, they're going to conduct our audits,  再过几年，它们将可以进行审计，

and they're going to read boilerplate from legal contracts.  将能审阅法律合同样本。

Accountants and lawyers are still needed.  尽管会计师和律师还是需要的。

They're going to be needed for complex tax structuring, for pathbreaking litigation. 但他们只需要研究复杂的税收结构，或无先例的诉讼过程。

But machines will shrink their ranks and make these jobs harder to come by. 但机器将会挤占他们的位置，增加就业难度。

Now, as mentioned, machines are not making progress on novel situations. 如上所述，在创新方面机器没有取得太大进展。

The copy behind a marketing campaign needs to grab consumers' attention.  营销文案需要抓住消费者的心理。

It has to stand out from the crowd.  脱颖而出是关键。

Business strategy means finding gaps in the market, things that nobody else is doing. 商业策略需要找到市场上还无人问津的空白。

It will be humans that are creating the copy behind our marketing campaigns,  人类将是营销文案的创造者，

and it will be humans that are developing our business strategy.  人类才能推动商业战略发展。

So Yahli, whatever you decide to do, let every day bring you a new challenge. 所以Yahli，无论你将来决定做什么，让每一天都带给你新的挑战。

If it does, then you will stay ahead of the machines. Thank you. 如果是那样，你的未来将无法被机器取代。谢谢。