How can we build that bridge to yet?  如何让孩子注重过程而不是结果呢？

Here are some things we can do.  我们可以做这样几件事。

First of all, we can praise wisely, not praising intelligence or talent.  首先，我们可以有技巧地去表扬： 不去表扬天分或才智，

That has failed.  这行不通。

Don't do that anymore.  不要再这样做了。

But praising the process that kids engage in:  而是要对孩子积极投入的过程进行表扬：

their effort, their strategies, their focus, their perseverance,their improvement.  他们的努力与策略， 他们的专注、坚持与进步。

This process praise creates kids who are hardy and resilient.  对过程的表扬会塑造孩子的韧性。

There are other ways to reward yet.  还有其他的办法来奖励过程。

We recently teamed up with game scientists from the University of Washington to create a new online math game that rewarded yet.  最近，我们与来自华盛顿大学的游戏研究者合作，制作了一款奖励过程的数学游戏。

In this game, students were rewarded for effort, strategy and progress.  在这个游戏中，学生们因他们的努力、策略与进步而受到奖励。

The usual math game rewards you for getting answers right right now,  通常的数学游戏中，玩家只有在解得正确答案后才能得到奖励，

but this game rewarded process.  但这个游戏奖励过程。

And we got more effort,  随着游戏的深入，孩子们更加努力，

more strategies,  想出更多的策略，

more engagement over longer periods of time,  身心更加投入，

and more perseverance when they hit really, really hard problems.  当遇到尤为困难的问题时， 他们也展现了更为持久的韧劲。

Just the words yet or not yet, we're finding,  我们发现，注重过程的思维模式，

give kids greater confidence,  会赋予孩子们更多自信，

give them a path into the future that creates greater persistence.  指引他们不断向前，越发坚持不懈。

And we can actually change students' mindsets.  事实上，我们能够改变学生的思维模式。

In one study, we taught them  在一项研究中，我们告诉学生们，

that every time they push out of their comfort zone to learn something new and difficult, 每当他们迫使自己走出舒适区，学习新知识，迎接新挑战，

the neurons in their brain can form new, stronger connections,  大脑中的神经元会形成新的 更强的连接，

and over time they can get smarter.  他们会逐渐变得越来越聪明。