科学美国人60秒 SSS 激光进步改变了我们的生活:诺贝尔物理学奖（在线收听）

Laser Advances That Changed Our Lives: Nobel Prize in Physics

“This year’s prize is about tools made from light. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has today decided to award the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics with one half to Arthur Ashkin for the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems and the other half jointly to Gérard Mourou and Donna Strickland for their method of generating high-intensity, ultra-short optical pulses.G?ran Hansson, secretary general of the academy, earlier today. And I’m Steve Mirsky. Welcome to Scientific American’s Science Talk, posted on October 2, 2018.

今年的奖项是关于由光制成的工具。瑞典皇家科学院今天决定授予2018年诺贝尔物理学奖的一半为光学镊子和亚瑟阿什金应用生物系统和另一半共同杰拉德莫瑞和唐娜?斯特里克兰的方法产生高强度的超短光脉冲。该学院秘书长戈兰·汉森今天早些时候表示。我是史蒂夫·米尔斯基。欢迎来到发表于2018年10月2日的《科学美国人》科学讲座。

Ashkin’s optical tweezers are the real life version of Star Trek’s tractor beams—although they’re capable of grasping and manipulating only very small objects, like a single cell, not a whole shuttle craft. And the optical pulses of Mourou and Strickland have made numerous applications possible, notably laser eye surgery. What follows is an edited version of the announcement and press conference.

阿什金的光学镊子是《星际迷航》中牵引机光束的真实版本——尽管它们只能抓取和操纵很小的物体，比如单个细胞，而不是整个航天飞机。莫瑞和斯特里克兰的光脉冲使许多应用成为可能，特别是激光眼科手术。以下是经过编辑的公告和新闻发布会。

“And with me here on podium is, to my right, Professor Olga Botner, the chairman of the Nobel Committee for Physics, and on my left side, Professor Mats Larsson, who is the member of the committee and an expert in the field of this year’s prize…

“和我一起站在讲台上的是，在我右边的是诺贝尔物理学奖委员会主席奥尔加·博特纳教授，在我左边的是委员会成员、今年诺贝尔物理学奖专家马茨·拉尔森教授……”

“Arthur Ashkin was born in 1922 in New York City. He made his remarkable invention at the Bell Laboratories in New Jersey in the United States. Gérard Mourou was born in 1944 in Albertville in France. And he’s currently at the école Polytechnique in Palaiseau in France, and also affiliated with the University of Michigan in the United States.

亚瑟·阿什金1922年出生于纽约市。他在美国新泽西州的贝尔实验室完成了他的非凡发明。1944年，杰拉德·莫瑞出生于法国阿尔贝维尔。他现在在法国帕莱索的理工学院工作，也在美国的密歇根大学工作。

“Donna Strickland was born in 1959 in Guelph, Ontario, Canada, and she’s currently at the University of Waterloo in Canada. Drs. Mourou and Strickland did much of their groundbreaking work together at the University of Rochester in the United States.”REST OF ANNOUNCEMENT AND PRESS CONFERENCE

唐娜·斯特里克兰德1959年出生于加拿大安大略省圭尔夫市，目前就读于加拿大滑铁卢大学。Drs。Mourou和Strickland在美国罗切斯特大学共同从事了许多开创性的工作。剩下的公告和新闻发布会

Following the announcement and press conference, Swedish journalist Joanna Rose spoke with Mats Larsson about the Nobel-winning research.We’ll be back tomorrow with coverage of the Nobel Prize in chemistry. We leave you with music from the 2015 International Year of Light global initiative. New Nobel Laureate Gérard Mourou is a composer and contributed some of the lyrics for this piece. Along with Jér?me Musiani, Vince McClenny. That’s Vince McClenny performing.

在宣布这一消息并召开新闻发布会之后，瑞典记者乔安娜·罗斯(Joanna Rose)接受了马茨·拉尔森(Mats Larsson)的采访。明天我们会回来报道诺贝尔化学奖。我们为您献上2015国际光年全球倡议的音乐。新诺贝尔奖得主杰拉德·莫瑞(Gerard Mourou)是一位作曲家，为这首曲子贡献了部分歌词。和杰罗姆·穆赛尼一起的还有文斯·麦克伦尼。那是文斯·麦克伦尼的表演。