2019年经济学人 一周要闻 世贸下调全球贸易增长预期 沙特石油市值超苹果 Lyft回吐上市首日涨幅（在线收听）

The world this week

本周要闻

Business

商业

In a prospectus published ahead of a huge bond sale, Saudi Aramco revealed for the first time how much money it makes. Saudi Arabia’s state oil firm reaped $356bn in revenues last year. Annual net profit came to $111bn, almost twice that of Apple, the world’s most valuable listed company. The prospectus also confirmed how important Saudi Aramco is to the country’s economy. Oil accounted for 63% of the state’s revenue in 2017 and 43% of the kingdom’s GDP.

沙特阿拉伯国家石油公司(Saudi Aramco)在一次大规模债券发行前发布的招股说明书中，首次披露了该公司的盈利情况。沙特阿拉伯国家石油公司去年的收入为3560亿美元。年度净利润达到1110亿美元，几乎是全球市值最高的上市公司——苹果公司的两倍。招股说明书也证实了沙特阿拉伯国家石油公司对该国经济的重要性。2017年，石油收入占沙特国家总收入的63%，占该国国内生产总值的43%。

Saudi Arabia’s cut in oil output has helped drive up the commodity’s price in recent months. Brent crude traded around $70 a barrel this week, the highest level this year.

近几个月，沙特阿拉伯削减石油产量，帮助推高了石油价格。布伦特原油本周交易价约为每桶70美元，为今年最高水平。

The World Trade Organisation released an estimate for global trade in 2018, which grew by 3%, well below the 3.9% that the WTO had forecast in September. It expects the growth in trade to fall to 2.6% this year. The organisation blamed tariffs and related retaliatory measures, but also weaker economic growth, volatile markets and tighter monetary policy in developed countries. It warned governments that it would be a “historic mistake” to forget the “fundamental importance” of the rules-based trade system.

世界贸易组织(WTO)发布了2018年全球贸易增长预测，增幅为3%，远低于WTO在9月份预测的3.9%。预计，今年的贸易增长将下降到2.6%。该组织将此归咎于关税和相关的报复性措施，而发达国家经济增长放缓、市场动荡和货币政策收紧也难脱干系。该组织警告各国政府，如果忘记以规则为基础的贸易体系的“根本重要性”，这将是一个“历史性错误”。

A preliminary report from Ethiopia’s transport ministry into last month’s fatal crash of a Boeing 737 max 8 passenger plane found that the pilots followed the procedures issued by the manufacturer when the jet started nosediving. The report recommended that Boeing change the max’s flight-control system.

埃塞俄比亚交通部对上月一架波音737 max 8客机致命坠毁事件的初步报告发现，飞行员在飞机开始俯冲时遵循了波音公司发布的指导程序。报告建议波音公司更换该机型的飞行控制系统。

Mark Zuckerberg’s apparent change of heart in calling for more regulation of the tech giants got short shrift. Facebook’s boss said governments should take a more active role in policing the internet in areas such as privacy and elections material. But one leading Democrat tweeted, “Does anyone even want his advice?” given that Facebook is under investigation. Britain’s information commissioner wondered if Facebook would now drop its appeal against the fine it received for the Cambridge Analytica scandal.

马克·扎克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)呼吁加大对科技巨头的监管力度，但这一明显的改变却没有得到重视。这位Facebook老板呼吁，政府应该在隐私和选举材料等领域的互联网监管方面发挥更积极的作用。但一位民主党领袖在推特上写道:“会有人听取他的意见吗?“当下Facebook正在接受调查。而英国信息专员想知道Facebook是否会放弃对剑桥分析公司(Cambridge Analytica)丑闻罚款的上诉。

Lyft’s ups and downs

Lyft的起起落落

Following a successful IPO, Lyft’s stock pared back some of its gains, falling below the offer price of $72 a share. The price had closed up 9% on the first day of trading, giving the ride-hailing company a market capitalisation of $22bn.

在IPO成功后，Lyft的股价回吐了部分涨幅，跌破每股72美元的发行价。该公司股价在首日交易中上涨9%，市值达到220亿美元。