VOA常速英语2019--帮助缓解美国移民危机的区域伙伴（在线收听）

August saw a precipitous decline in the number of people apprehended by the United States at its southwest border. In August there was a 56 percent reduction from the peak in May: 64,000 in August from 144,000 in May.

8月，美国在其西南边境逮捕的人数急剧下降。8月份的失业人数比5月份的峰值减少了56%；从5月份的14.4万人减少到8月份的6.4万人。

U.S. Acting Commissioner of Customs and Border Protection Mark Morgan credited the reduction to an “unprecedented network” of initiatives put in place by the Trump administration, including regulatory reforms, policy changes, and interior enforcement efforts.

美国海关和边境保护局代理专员马克·摩根将这一减少归功于特朗普政府实施的一系列前所未有的举措，包括监管改革、政策变化和内部执法努力。

But he also cited “the meaningful and unprecedented steps” taken by the government of Mexico. So far this year, he noted, Mexico has apprehended approximately 134,000 people, a substantial increase from the 83,000 individuals it apprehended in 2018:

但他也提到了墨西哥政府银行采取的“有意义的、前所未有的措施”。他指出，今年到目前为止，墨西哥已经逮捕了大约13.4万人，比2018年逮捕的8.3万人大幅增加:

“In addition, since June, Mexico has deployed thousands of troops. They’ve created a new national guard within their country: 10,000 troops to the southern border; 15,000 troops to the northern border of the United States.”

“此外，自6月以来，墨西哥已经部署了数千名士兵。他们在国内建立了新的国民警卫队：向南部边境派遣1万名士兵；往美国北部边派遣15000名士兵。”

Mr. Morgan also cited the positive role played by Mexico’s support for the Migrant Protection Protocols, or MPP. The MPP is a U.S. government initiative that enables migrants to wait in Mexico while their asylum cases are adjudicated in the United States. While the asylum claims are under review, Mexico provides the claimants with appropriate humanitarian protections.

摩根还提到了墨西哥对移民保护协议的支持所发挥的积极作用。移民保护协议是美国政府的一项倡议，允许移民在美国审理庇护案件期间在墨西哥等候。在审查庇护要求的同时，墨西哥向要求庇护者提供适当的人道主义保护。

The MPP frees up the limited resources of the U.S. government agencies that implement the asylum system, allowing a more careful review of all applications, especially those presenting a potentially legitimate, merit-based claim. As per international law and norm, asylum claimants must establish that they have a credible fear of political persecution in their home country, based on one or more of the five protected categories: race, nationality, religion, political opinion, or membership of a particular social group.

移民保护协议解放了实施庇护制度的美国政府机构有限的资源，允许对所有申请进行更仔细的审查，特别是那些提出可能合法的、基于资质的申请。根据国际法和规范，庇护申请者必须根据五种受保护类别中的一种或多种，即种族、国籍、宗教、政治观点或某一特定社会群体的成员，确定他们确实害怕在本国受到政治迫害。

The governments of Central American countries have stepped up efforts to stem the surge of illegal migrants crossing the southwest border, as well. “In particular,” Acting Commissioner Morgan said, “the Northern Triangle countries, along with Mexico, have really joined the United States as true partners for the first time.” They are recognizing “that this is not just a United States problem, that this is a regional crisis that needs regional support and regional solutions.”

中美洲各国政府也加紧努力，遏制穿越西南边境的非法移民激增。“特别是，”代理专员摩根说，“北方三角地区的国家，连同墨西哥，第一次真正加入美国成为真正的伙伴。”他们认识到“这不仅仅是美国的问题，这是一个需要区域支持和区域解决方案的地区危机。”

Acting Commissioner Morgan noted that, while Mexico and the governments of the Northern Triangle have stepped up as partners, they must not only sustain their current efforts, but expand them.

代理专员摩根指出，虽然墨西哥和北部三角地区的政府已经加强了伙伴关系，但它们不仅必须维持目前的努力，而且必须扩大。

He warned, however, that the United States cannot rely solely on foreign partners to solve the “pull factors” created by the broken U.S. immigration system. It is imperative that U.S. laws be changed. “Congress,” Mr. Morgan said, “must absolutely act to pass meaningful legislation to address the loopholes in our current system, if we’re going to have a durable, lasting solution to this crisis.”

然而，他警告称，美国不能仅仅依靠外国伙伴来解决美国支离破碎的移民体系造成的“牵引力因素”。美国法律必须修改。摩根说，“如果我们想要对这场危机有一个持久的解决方案，国会绝对必须采取行动，通过有意义的立法，解决我们当前体系中的漏洞。”