VOA慢速英语2019 IS组织头目被美军击毙（在线收听）

Islamic State Prepared for Life without Its Leader

The United States is promising there will be no easing of its offensive against the Islamic State after the death of the group's leader.

美国承诺，在“伊斯兰国组织”领导人死后，美国不会放松对该组织的进攻。

U.S. officials say Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi was killed as part of a "dangerous" nighttime raid in northern Syria.

美国官员表示，巴格达迪在叙利亚北部一次“危险的”夜间突袭中被击毙。

Baghdadi took command of the group formerly known as al-Qaida in Iraq in 2010. The Islamic State (IS) is also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, or ISIS.

2010年，巴格达迪接管了当时被称为“伊拉克基地组织”。“伊斯兰国”组织也被称为“伊拉克和大叙利亚伊斯兰国”（ISIS）。

President Donald Trump announced on Sunday that Baghdadi died "whimpering and crying" in a dead-end tunnel. His death shows America's "commitment to the...defeat of ISIS and other terrorist organizations," the president said.

美国总统特朗普周日宣布，巴格达迪在一条死胡同里“呜咽和哭泣”着死亡。特朗普表示，巴格达迪死亡表明美国“致力于击溃ISIS和其他恐怖组织”。

"We know the successors," he added. "And we already have them in our sights."

“我们了解接任人，”他补充说。“他们已经在我们的监视之下了。”

Efforts to find them may be helped by the raid on Baghdadi's camp in the Syrian province of Idlib. The raid led to the capture of a small number of Islamic State group officials and fighters.

对叙利亚伊德利卜省巴格达迪营地的突袭可能有助于发现他们。这次突袭行动抓获了“伊斯兰国”组织的一小部分官员和武装分子。

Trump said U.S. forces found "highly sensitive material and information... much having to do with ISIS, origins, future plans, things that we very much want."

特朗普表示，美军发现了“高度敏感的材料和信息……这些与ISIS、起源、未来计划以及我们非常想要的信息有很大关系。”

That information may have led to the death of Abu Hassan al-Muhajir, a spokesman for the group. The commander of the U.S.-supported Syrian Democratic Forces reported Sunday that he was targeted and killed in an operation in northern Syria.

这些信息可能导致了该组织发言人阿布·哈桑·穆哈伊尔(Abu Hassan al-Muhajir)的死亡。美国支持的叙利亚民主力量指挥官周日报告称，穆哈伊尔在叙利亚北部的一次行动中成为袭击目标并被击毙。

U.S. officials have yet to confirm reports of his death.

美国官员尚未证实有关他死亡的报导。

Islamic State: an adaptive, potent terror group

适应性强、强大的恐怖组织

Military and intelligence officials admit that finding and killing IS operatives has not been effective enough to stop the group. It has, however, severely limited its ability to strike at targets.

军方和情报官员承认，抓获并击毙“伊斯兰国”成员并不能有效地阻止该组织。然而，却可以严重限制其打击目标的能力。

At one point, in late 2015, officials said airstrikes by the U.S.-led coalition were killing one mid-level or senior-level IS leader every two days.

2015年末，官员们曾表示，以美国为首的联军发动的空袭每两天就击毙一名“伊斯兰国”的中层或高层领导人。

U.S. anti-terrorism officials later described some of those strikes as "significant blows."

美国反恐官员之后形容其中一些袭击是“重大打击”。

Yet, IS continues its campaign of terror, even as its self-declared caliphate collapsed. As the Syrian city of Idlib fell to coalition forces, the group's leadership worked to create an active and growing resistance force.

然而，即使“伊斯兰国”自封的“哈里发”政权已经崩溃，但却仍在继续其恐怖活动。随着叙利亚城市伊德利卜落入联军之手，该组织的领导层致力于建立一支活跃且不断壮大的抵抗武装力量。

"ISIS is working (toward) an insurgency in Syria and Iraq" that is made of different groups in both countries, a U.S. official recently told VOA.

一名美国官员最近对美国之音表示，“伊斯兰国”组织正在叙利亚和伊拉克进行一场“由两国不同组织组成的”叛乱。

"The group is using these (groups) to undermine local governance and reconstruction efforts," said the official, who added that IS creates ethnic and religious divisions to fuel unrest.

该官员表示：“‘伊斯兰国’组织利用这些组织破坏地方治理和重建工作。”他还指出，伊斯兰国制造种族和宗教分裂，以加剧动乱。

Baghdadi death

巴格达迪之死

Former U.S. Director of National Intelligence James Clapper describes the operation that killed Baghdadi as important because of its symbolic value. But he added that Baghdadi's death alone will not destroy the terror group.

前美国国家情报总监詹姆斯·克拉珀（James Clapper）认为，击毙巴格达迪的行动之所以重要，是因为它具有象征意义。但他补充说，巴格达迪死亡并不能摧毁这一恐怖组织。

"ISIS has been more de-centralized and has groomed leaders for just this eventuality," Clapper told VOA.

克拉珀告诉美国之音：“‘伊斯兰国’组织变得更加分散，早已为这一不测培养好了接班人。”

Terrorism experts say there is growing evidence that suggests strikes like the one that killed Baghdadi are rarely death blows.

反恐专家认为，越来越多的证据表明，击毙巴格达迪这样的袭击很少能成为致命的打击。

"The death of a jihadist leader is always a dangerous moment for the group as it can lead to internal struggles," said Michael Horowitz. He is head of intelligence for Le Beck, a Middle East-based security company.

“圣战头目的死亡对该组织来说总是一个危机时刻，因为这可能引发内斗，”迈克尔·霍洛维茨(Michael Horowitz)说道。他是中东安全公司Le Beck的情报主管。

"[Al-Qaida leader Osama] bin Laden was replaced by his former number two, [Ayman] al-Zawahiri," he said, adding that the al-Qaida leader is still powerful.

他说：“本·拉登被曾经的二把手扎瓦希里取而代之。”他还说，基地组织头目的权力仍然很大。

Recent intelligence from the U.S. and other countries suggests Islamic State will easily survive without Baghdadi. While the group has lost its caliphate in Syria and Iraq, it still had an estimated 10,000 to 15,000 thousand fighters across those countries. Officials also believe it still has a lot of money, possibly up to $300 million.

最近来自美国和其他国家的情报显示，没有巴格达迪，“伊斯兰国”组织也会很容易生存。尽管该组织位于叙利亚和伊拉克的“哈里发”政权崩溃，但预计这些国家仍残留着约1万至1.5万名武装分子。官员们还认为，该组织仍掌握着大量资金，可能高达3亿美元。

And U.S. officials say IS has many of its trained fighters, moving them underground as it lost its Syrian base to U.S.-backed forces.

美国官员指出，“伊斯兰国”有许多训练有素的武装分子，在叙利亚的基地被美国占领后，他们将这些武装人员转移到地下。

"The group has tens of thousands of seasoned fighters and hundreds of leaders who have survived decades of war," said Bill Roggio. He is with the Washington-based Foundation for the Defense of Democracies.

“该组织有数万名经验丰富的武装分子以及数百名经历了数十年战争的领导人，”比尔·罗吉奥(Bill Roggio)说道。他就职于总部位于华盛顿的捍卫民主基金会。

U.S. officials have warned that IS has built itself in such a way that the loss of its caliphate had less effect on the group than many believed.

美国官员警告称，“伊斯兰国”组织建立政权的方式，即失去“哈里发”政权对“伊斯兰国”的影响比许多人认为的还小。

"The so-called ISIS caliphate has been destroyed, but the ISIS (name) lives on around the world," State Department Counterterrorism coordinator Nathan Sales said in August.

国务院反恐协调员内森·塞尔在8月份表示，“所谓的‘伊斯兰国哈里发’政权已经被摧毁，但是ISIS仍然存活于世界各个角落”。