VOA慢速英语2019 科学家称2019年海水温度是有史以来最高的（在线收听）

Scientists reported this week that the world's oceans were warmer in 2019 than they had ever been before.

科学家本周报告称，2019年全球海洋温度比以往任何时候都要高。

The report comes at a time when studies have linked rising ocean water temperatures to manmade pollution. Researchers say the rate of warming is speeding up and may cause a planet-wide disaster.

该报告发布之际，已有研究将不断上升的海水温度与人为污染联系起来。研究人员说，全球变暖的速度正在加快，并可能导致全球性的灾难。

The oceans take in more than 90 percent of the extra heat created by carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gases are a product of pollution from factories, driving motor vehicles and other human activities.

海洋吸收了超过90%的二氧化碳和其他温室气体排放产生的额外热量。温室气体是工厂、驾驶机动车辆和其他人类活动污染的产物。

Scientists are able to measure the rate of global warming when they compare current ocean water temperatures with those measured over the past few years.

科学家们能够测量全球变暖的速度，当他们将当前的海水温度与过去几年测量的温度进行比较时。

For a better understanding of ocean warmth, scientists from around the world studied records shared by China's Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP). They found that the latest water temperature was 0.075 degrees Celsius higher than the average temperature from 1981 to 2010. Their findings were published in the scientific journal Advances in Atmospheric Sciences.

为了更好地了解海洋温度，来自世界各地的科学家研究了中国大气物理研究所(IAP)共享的记录。他们发现，最新的水温比1981年至2010年的平均温度高出0.075摄氏度。他们的发现发表在《大气科学进展》科学杂志上。

The scientists pointed to the many extreme weather events of 2019 as one effect of warmer oceans. They added that warmer water also endangers some sea creatures and causes higher sea levels.

科学家指出，2019年的许多极端天气事件是海洋变暖的影响之一。他们还说，水温升高也会危及一些海洋生物，并导致海平面上升。

Lijing Cheng is with the International Center for Climate and Environmental Sciences at the IAP. He also was the lead author of a paper on the study. He says the heat the oceans have taken in to make the temperature change amounts to 228 Zetta Joules(228 billion trillion Joules)of energy.

李静(音译)就职于IAP国际气候与环境科学中心。他也是这篇研究论文的第一作者。他说，海洋吸收的导致温度变化的热量相当于228焦耳(2280万亿焦耳)的能量。

That's a lot of zeros indeed, he said. "To make it easier to understand, I did a calculation... The amount of heat we have put into the world's oceans in the past 25 years equals to 3.6 billion Hiroshima atom-bomb explosions."

“那确实是一大堆零，”他说。“为了更容易理解，我做了一个计算……在过去的25年里，我们向海洋排放的热量相当于广岛原子弹爆炸的36亿倍。”

Michael Mann is director of the Earth System Sciences Center at Penn State University in the United States. He says the energy that caused the warming is equal to "everyone on the planet running a hundred hairdryers or a hundred microwaves continuously for the entire year." He spoke to the French news agency AFP.

迈克尔·曼是美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学地球系统科学中心主任。他说，导致全球变暖的能量相当于“地球上每个人全年不停地使用100个吹风机或100个微波炉”。他对法新社说。

The past five years are the five hottest years for the ocean since scientists began keeping records, the study found.

研究发现，过去五年是科学家开始记录以来最热的五年。

John Abraham is a co-author of the paper. He said it is important to "understand how fast things are changing. The key to answering this question is in the oceans -- that's where the vast majority of heat ends up. If you want to understand global warming, you have to measure ocean warming."

约翰·亚伯拉罕是这篇论文的作者之一。他说，“了解事情变化的速度有多快”很重要。回答这个问题的关键是海洋——海洋是绝大多数热量的最终归宿。如果你想了解全球变暖，你必须测量海洋变暖。”

Abraham is a professor of mechanical engineering at the University of St. Thomas in Minnesota.

亚伯拉罕是明尼苏达州圣托马斯大学的机械工程教授。

In 2015, world leaders signed the Paris Agreement as part of efforts to limit climate change. The agreement took effect the following year. It aims to limit global temperature increases to "well below" 2 degrees Celsius, and to 1.5 degrees Celsius if at all possible.

2015年，世界各国领导人签署了《巴黎协定》，作为限制气候变化努力的一部分。该协议于第二年生效。它的目标是将全球气温上升控制在“远低于”2摄氏度，如果可能的话控制在1.5摄氏度以内。

There has been about 1 degree Celsius of warming since the start of the Industrial Revolution 200 years ago. Yet the result of rising water temperatures is not evenly spread in the world's oceans. The report says that warmer temperatures are partly to blame for heavy rainfall in Indonesia and the drying of Australia, leading to wildfires in Australia and the Amazon.

自200年前的工业革命开始以来，全球变暖的幅度约为1摄氏度。然而，海水温度上升的结果并不是均匀地分布在世界的海洋中。报告称，印尼的强降雨和澳大利亚的干旱是气温升高的部分原因，导致澳大利亚和亚马逊地区发生野火。

Mann explained that there is still hope for the climate to recover from this temperature increase. "If we stop warming the planet, heat will continue to diffuse down into the deep ocean for centuries until eventually stabilizing."

曼恩解释说，气候仍然有希望从气温升高中恢复过来。“如果我们停止使地球变暖，热量将继续向深海扩散几个世纪，直到最终稳定下来。”