VOA慢速英语2020 美国驱赶大量移民至墨西哥（在线收听）

The administration of United States President Donald Trump is using a public health law to limit the number of people who can seek asylum in the U.S. People seeking safety in the U.S. from Mexico are quickly returned to Mexico without the chance to ask for asylum.

美国总统特朗普利用一项公共卫生法来限制可以在美国寻求庇护的人数。从墨西哥来美国寻求庇护的人很快被遣返至墨西哥，再无机会寻求庇护。

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) said that nearly 10,000 Mexicans and Central Americans have been expelled to Mexico since the rules took effect on March 21. Mark Morgan is the agency's acting leader. He said the changes were "not about immigration."

美国海关和边境保护局（CBP）表示，自3月21日新规生效以来，已有近1万名墨西哥人和中美洲人被驱逐至墨西哥。马克·摩根（Mark Morgan）是该机构的代理负责人。他表示，这些变化“与移民无关”。

Morgan said there was a "public health crisis" from the coronavirus pandemic. He added that there is a "national emergency declared by this president to protect the health and safety of every American in this country."

摩根称，冠状病毒大流行引发了一场“公共卫生危机”。他还表示，“总统宣布全国进入紧急状态，以保护这个国家的所有美国人的健康和安全。”

Mexico is providing important support. It has agreed to take migrants from Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras. More than 50 percent of all people arrested at the U.S. border last year were from those countries.

墨西哥正在提供重要的支持。墨西哥已经同意接收来自危地马拉、萨尔瓦多和洪都拉斯的移民。去年在美国边境被逮捕的人中，超过50%来自这些国家。

The Trump administration has not released a lot of information about the rules. They have not been challenged in court. The change got little attention when it was released to the public on March 20. That was the same day Trump announced he was closing the southern border to unnecessary travel.

特朗普政府还没有公布关于这些规定的大量信息。他们没有在法庭上受到质疑。这一变化在3月20日向公众发布时几乎没有引起注意。就在同一天，特朗普宣布关闭南部边境，禁止不必要的旅行。

The administration used a law permitting the head of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to ban foreigners if their entry would create "a serious danger" related to the spread of disease. CDC director Dr. Robert Redfield banned foreigners for 30 days. He said he may extend the ban.

美国政府使用了一项法律，允许美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)负责人禁止外国人入境，如果外国人入境会造成与疾病传播有关的“严重危险”。疾控中心主任罗伯特·雷德菲尔德禁止外国人入境30天。他说，他可能会延长禁令。

"The administration is able to do what they always wanted to do. I don't see this slowing down," said Aaron Reichlin-Melnick. He is with the American Immigration Council, which has criticized the Trump administration.

“政府能够做他们一直想做的事情。我不认为这种情况会有所减缓。”他就职于美国移民委员会，该委员会曾指责特朗普政府。

Mexico said it will reject children who are alone and other vulnerable people. Carlos Gonzalez Gutierrez is Mexico's consul general in San Diego. He said that includes people who are over 65, pregnant or sick.

墨西哥表示，将拒绝接收那些独身儿童和其他弱势群体。卡洛斯·冈萨雷斯·古铁雷斯是墨西哥驻圣地亚哥总领事。他说，还包括65岁以上的老人，孕妇或病患。

A congressional assistant said the U.S. also is returning Central American children who travel with grandparents, brothers and sisters or other relatives. The assistant received information from Customs and Border Protection officials and asked not to be identified because the information was not supposed to be made public. Until recently, children without their parents were immediately put on the path to asylum, the Associated Press says.

一位国会助理称，美国还将遣返与祖父母、兄弟姐妹或其他亲属一起旅行的中美洲儿童。这名要求匿名的助理收到了海关和边境保护局官员的信息，因为这些信息不应该公开。美联社表示，直到最近，没有父母的儿童都被立即送进了收容所。

Redfield wrote that the health danger of holding migrants at detention centers is the reason for the order.

雷德菲尔德写道，将移民关押在拘留所的健康危险是该命令的原因。

Morgan said some cases for asylum would be considered.

摩根表示，会考虑一些申请庇护的案件。

ProPublica is an independent organization of reporters. It has a Border Patrol document that explains when asylum should be considered. For example, when an agent decides a migrant's fears of being tortured are "reasonably believable," the migrant can ask for asylum under the U.N. Convention Against Torture. It is a lower level of asylum that is more difficult to receive.

ProPublica是一个独立的记者组织。该组织有一份边境巡逻文件，解释了何时应该考虑庇护。例如，当代理人认为移民对遭受酷刑的恐惧是“合理可信”时，该移民可根据《联合国禁止酷刑公约》申请庇护。这是一种较低水平的庇护，更难被接受。

Under the rules, agents take migrants to the nearest border crossing in ways that reduce the risk of exposure to the virus. Those not sent to Mexico are flown to their home countries.

根据规定，工作人员将移民送往最近的边境口岸，以降低接触病毒的风险。那些没有被送往墨西哥的移民将被空运回各自的国家。

CBP said it is currently holding fewer than 100 people. Last year, the agency was holding more than 19,000 as a wave of people tried to cross the border. During the first 11 days of the new rules, 6,375 people were expelled at the Mexican border and 20 at the Canadian border.

美国海关和边境保护局表示，目前该机构的在押人员不足100人。去年，随着一波又一波的移民试图越过边境，该机构拘留了1.9万多人。在新规实施的前11天内，墨西哥边境驱逐了6375人，加拿大边境驱逐了20人。

Ten Senate Democrats sent a letter to acting Homeland Security Secretary Chad Wolf. He supervises border agencies.

十名民主党参议员致信代理国土安全部部长查德·沃尔夫。他负责监管边境机构。

They wrote, "A public health crisis does not give the Executive Branch a free pass to violate constitutional rights, nor does it give the Executive Branch permission to operate outside of the law."

他们写道，“一场公共健康危机不会给行政部门侵犯宪法权利的自由，也不会给行政部门在法律之外运作的许可。”

I'm Jonathan Evans.

Words in This Story

expel– v. to remove someone from a school, club or country

pandemic– n. an illness that spreads to other countries

challenge– v. to question the authority of someone or something

vulnerable– adj. able to be hurt

consul – n. an official who works with visas