PBS高端访谈:三维打印机让小女孩创造3D手（在线收听）

JOHN YANG: Finally tonight: a story about a young girl who's been given the gift of play. Ella Morton was born without bones in one of her hands.

A traditional prosthetic hand would have cost up to 10,000 dollars. But thanks to one organization, Ella can play just like her sisters, at no cost to her family. This story was produced by Mary Williams, a Gwen Ifill Legacy fellow from Hughes STEM High School in Cincinnati, Ohio.

MARY WILLIAMS: Advanced technology is changing the way we all live our lives. But for 4-year-old Ella Morton and her mother, Heather, it has made a huge difference. Thanks to some engineering students and a three-dimensional printer at the University of Cincinnati, Ella able to enjoy the same activities as most children her age.

HEATHER MORTON, Mother of Ella Morton: When Ella was born, she has no fingers. She has no bones in the palm of her hand. She has bones up to her wrists. And she can flex at her wrist, but that's pretty much where her bones stop. She's always been very outgoing and doesn't want anything to stop her.

MARY WILLIAMS: So, Ella, what do you call your special hand?

ELLA MORTON, 4 Years Old: Lucky Fin, because have a Lucky Fin like me.

MARY WILLIAMS: Eden Barcus, Jacob Granger, and Ishan Anand are engineering students and members of EnableUC, a student group collaborating with Enable, an open source organization that provides a variety of cost-effective prosthetic assistive devices.

EDEN BARCUS, Vice President, EnableUC: One of EnableUC's main missions is to provide 3-D-printed prosthetics for children. Prosthetics are very expensive, and children grow at a rapid rate.

JACOB GRANGER, Manufacturing Co-Chair, EnableUC: This is the second hand we have given Ella. And so, like, if she was buying a fully commercial, fully marketed prosthetic, every two years, you're gonna need a new hand, and where we can just be like, oh, yes, we will just print you off another one.

ISHAN ANAND, President, EnableUC: The biggest thing is getting the right measurements of the patient and understanding the mechanics of a patient, because each patient is a little bit different, and how they use their hand and how they hope to use their hand are all different variables you have to take into account.

JACOB GRANGER: It's incredible that we can give someone a prosthetic and give them the opportunity to have full function in both hands.

MARY WILLIAMS: Jacob Knorr, now a medical student at the Cleveland Clinic, founded the EnableUC program in the fall of 2015 to promote 3-D printing technology as a way to bridge the gap between engineering and medicine.

JACOB KNORR, Founder, EnableUC: Ella, I will say, is probably my favorite. I mean, you could tell she lit up when they gave her this hand. And she was able to you know catch a tennis ball for the first time ever, which is pretty amazing.

MARY WILLIAMS: Ella's mother says her daughter can do so much more now that she has two hands.

HEATHER MORTON: I don't think they have under, they totally get how much of an impact it made on our family and Ella. The first thing that she's always said when she puts it on, she's like: Look, I have two hands now, mommy, just like my sisters. And I can hold both Barbies. And I can play. And I can do all the same things as my sisters do. I like to think that we have never made her feel different, but this just makes it feel more normal.

MARY WILLIAMS: For PBS NewsHour; Studio Reporting Labs, I'm Mary Williams.

JOHN YANG: Great story. On the NewsHour; online right now: Merely seeing a political symbol like an elephant or a donkey can cause you to reject facts that you would otherwise support. That's according to a new study. Learn more about the science of partisan ranking on our Web site, PBS.org/NewsHour.

约翰·杨：感谢收听今晚的节目，下面这则新闻与一位被上帝开了玩笑的女孩有关。她叫艾拉·莫顿，出生时，一只手就没有骨头。正常情况下，价值的成本大概1万美元左右。但在某组织的帮助下，艾拉可以像自己的姐妹那样玩耍，而且不给家人添负担。这则新闻是玛丽·威廉从俄亥俄州辛辛那提市休斯中学为我们发来的报道。

玛丽·威廉：先进技术正在改变着我们的生活方式。但对4岁的艾拉·莫顿和母亲希瑟来说，先进技术让她们的生活发生了天翻地覆的变化。在一些工程学学生和辛辛那提大学一台三维打印机的帮助下，艾拉得以像同龄人一样享受玩耍的快乐。

希瑟·莫顿，艾拉·莫顿的母亲：艾拉出生的时候就没有手指。手掌也没有骨头。手腕处才开始有骨头。虽然她的手腕可以弯曲，但手腕处也正是她骨头开始消失的地方。艾拉性格一直都很外向，从不瞻前顾后。

玛丽·威廉：我们来聊聊吧，艾拉，你管自己特殊手叫什么呢？

艾拉·莫顿，4岁：幸运之鳍，因为有了它就会很幸运。

玛丽·威廉：伊甸·巴克斯、雅各布·格兰杰、伊尚·阿南德都是工程系的学生，也是EnableUC学生组织的成员。这个学生组织进行了Enable合作。后者是一家开放资源的组织，可以提供各种性价比高的假肢辅助设备。

伊甸·巴克斯，EnableUC的副主席：我们组织的一项主要使命就是提供3D打印假肢给孩子们。假肢价格昂贵，而孩子们的发育速度又很快。

雅各布·格兰杰，EnableUC制造部的联合主席：这是我们赠予艾拉的第二只手。所以情况大概是这样的：如果艾拉买了完全商业化的假肢，而且是每两年一买的频率的话，就需要新的假肢，而我们只需要给他打印一只手就可以了。

伊尚·阿南德，EnableUC的主席：最重要的是正确测量患者的尺寸，了解患者的身体机能情况，因为每位患者都有一些不同之处，他们用手的习惯和希望用手的方式也不同，这些都要考虑进去。

雅各布·格兰杰：能给别人提供假肢，让他们能正常使用双手，这感觉太棒了。

玛丽·威廉：雅各布·诺尔是克利夫兰诊所的医学系学生。他于2015年秋成立了EnableUC的项目，目的是为了促进3D打印技术，让这种技术将工程学和医学联系起来。

雅各布·格兰杰，EnableUC的创始人：在我心中，艾拉是我最喜欢的一个孩子了。她收到这份礼物的时候，你能感觉到她满心欢喜。有了这只手之后，她终于能生平第一次抓住网球了，这种变化让人感到惊奇。

玛丽·威廉：艾拉的母亲说，艾拉两只手健全后，能做的事情多了很多。

希瑟·莫顿：我觉得他们没有，没有完全了解这件事对我们家以及艾拉产生的影响。每次她戴上假肢后说的第一句话就是：妈妈，快看，我有两只手啦！跟我的姐姐们一样啦！我现在能同时抱住两个芭比娃娃啦，我能玩耍啦，我姐姐们能做的事，我也能做到啦。我更希望她不会觉得是我们改变了她，而是觉得自己与正常人一样了。

玛丽·威廉：这里是玛丽·威廉为您从国家公共电台新闻室发回的报道。

约翰·杨：这则新闻好正能量。下面说说网上的事儿：共和党和民主党的党徽标志就能让人高下立判，而拒绝继续关注自己可能并不了解的实情。这是最新研究的结果。如您在我们的官网上了解更多有关党派排名的信息的话，可以访问PBS.org/NewsHour。